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[뉴스1] Reporter Seong Jae-joon = Bio-specialized reporter = A patient who suffered from severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) received a new coronavirus infection (COVID-19) vaccine and was known to have produced strong neutralizing antibodies that can neutralize all existing coronaviruses. are collecting
The research team, who first discovered this, expected that it would be possible to develop a pan-coronavirus vaccine that has a protective effect against COVID-19, major mutations, and several other animal-derived coronaviruses to come in the future.
The Duke-Singapore National University (NUS) School of Medicine announced on the 19th (local time) website that a joint research team from the National Center for Infectious Diseases (NCID) in Singapore gave very strong neutralization to survivors who recovered from SARS in 2003 after immunizing them with Pfizer vaccine. It was found that antibodies were produced.
According to the research results published in the international academic journal ‘New England Journal of Medicine (NEJM)’ on the 18th, this neutralizing antibody neutralizes all known major mutations (VOCs) of COVID-19 as well as other animal-derived coronaviruses that can infect humans. had the ability
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According to the research team, this is the first time that cross-neutralization reactions between different coronaviruses have been confirmed. Based on this study, the research team evaluated that it is closer to developing a next-generation vaccine that can provide broad-spectrum protection against various coronaviruses.
The COVID-19 virus is a virus belonging to the sarbecovirus, a subgenus of the genus beta-coronavirus, largely phylogenetically. It is a zoonotic virus that infects humans and animals and is genetically 87.6-89% identical to the SARS virus.
Both COVID-19 and SARS viruses infect human cells through angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), and are also found in bats, pangolins and civets. It is predicted that such a zoonotic virus will continue to spread even after the COVID-19 epidemic is over.
Although both SARS and COVID-19 viruses invade cells through ACE2, those infected with SARS either had no or very low levels of neutralizing antibodies to COVID-19.
The research team speculated that the ‘memory B cells’ that produce antibodies in SARS-infected patients can detect both SARS and Corona 19 viruses, but are insufficient to produce sufficient effects. Therefore, it was determined that receiving the COVID-19 vaccine will act as a kind of booster shot that activates B cells and boosts immunity.
The research team analyzed eight patients who recovered after being infected with SARS in the past. Two out of eight patients had very high levels of antibodies to SARS and COVID-19 21 to 62 days after the first dose of Pfizer vaccine. The remaining 6 patients also showed high levels of neutralizing antibodies against SARS and COVID-19 after the second vaccination.
In addition, the SARS-infected group was the only one among the participants to form broad-spectrum neutralizing antibodies against alpha, beta, and delta, as well as five other sabercoviruses.
“We investigated the possibility of inducing a pan-Sarveccovirus-neutralizing antibody that can block the viral interaction with human ACE2,” said Linpa Wang, a professor at Duke-NUS Medical University in Singapore, who led the study. It will provide protection not only against mutation 19, but also against other sabercovirus strains that may become prevalent in the future.”
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