case story
Xiaoli, 28 years old, has been suffering from mild anemia in physical examinations in recent years. She has no obvious symptoms of discomfort. She thinks she should be fine, so she does not take it to the heart This year, Xiaoli felt dizzy from time to time, and always felt weak when she was working, so she went to the hospital for treatment. The result of the fecal occult blood test was ++, and the doctor further arranged for a colonoscopy, the final diagnosis of which was colon cancer. The doctor immediately arranged hospital and surgery for Xiaoli.
Colorectal cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors worldwide, and its morbidity and mortality rank second and third among all malignant tumors, respectively.
Previous studies have shown that colorectal cancer is indeed a high incidence after the age of 50, but in recent years colorectal cancer has a clear tendency to become younger. Moreover, young people are not as alert to cancer as middle-aged and elderly people, and they are not worried about symptoms, and the diagnosis time is late. Compared with the middle-aged and elderly, colorectal cancer in young people tends to have a higher degree of malignancy and rapid progression, and is prone to recurrence and metastasis after surgery, with a poor prognosis.
Although the early warning of colorectal cancer is hidden, there are still clues to follow, so don’t ignore it. Colon cancer often leads to changes in bowel habits, such as changes in the time of bowel movements, increased or decreased volume, changes in stool thickness, diarrhea or constipation, etc. Due to the contact and friction between the tumor and the faeces, the surface of the tumor becomes wet and causes bleeding. If the tumor is close to the anus, the blood will be bright red. If it is far away, the bloody stool will be dark red It is often mistaken for hemorrhoids and it delays treatment. Abdominal bloating and pain can occur due to the growth of the mass, which prevents stool from passing. In addition, bowel cancer can cause long-term chronic blood loss, and patients will show symptoms associated with anaemia, such as dizziness, palpitations and fatigue.
Even if you have colorectal cancer, there is no need to be afraid. Colorectal cancer treatment has developed rapidly, including surgery and drug treatment. With the popularization of minimally invasive technology, the proportion of minimally invasive surgery for colon and rectal cancer is also increasing. Only a few small holes in the stomach can solve the problem. In recent years, robotic surgery systems have also emerged to take specimens through natural orifices, which further reduces surgical trauma and speeds patient recovery. Immunotherapy research is also developing rapidly. For colorectal cancer with microsatellite instability or mismatch repair to delete genes, immunotherapy has significantly improved patients’ chances of survival compared to traditional chemotherapy.
In order to prevent colon and rectal cancer, we must start from everyday life, especially young people should not be considered as the capital of health. The first thing to do is develop a healthy lifestyle. Reduce intake of red and processed meat, increase intake of fruit and vegetables, moderate intake of nuts and dairy products, and control sodium intake; secondly, stop smoking and stay away from second-hand smoke; thirdly, avoid heavy drinking and high frequency drinking; Control weight, avoid obesity and diabetes, and those who already have obesity or diabetes should lose weight or control diabetes in time; in addition, moderate exercise is also required.
If there are early warning symptoms of colorectal cancer, seek medical attention as soon as possible. Young people with a family history of colorectal cancer should be screened for colorectal cancer earlier, and can consult their doctors about the specific screening plan and timing.
