UK Identifies New Mpox Variant
- A new variant of mpox, a recombinant strain combining elements of clade 1 adn clade 2, has been identified in the United Kingdom.
- Mpox, formerly known as monkeypox, is caused by the mpox virus.
- The 2022 global outbreak was largely driven by clade 2b.1.
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New Recombinant Mpox Strain Identified in the UK
Table of Contents
Updated as of December 9, 2023, 10:36:36 AM PST
What Happened?
A new variant of mpox, a recombinant strain combining elements of clade 1 adn clade 2, has been identified in the United Kingdom. The case was detected in an individual with recent travel history to Asia, according to the UK Health Security Agency (UKHSA). This marks the first confirmed case of this specific recombinant strain, designated clade Ib, in the UK.
Understanding the Mpox Clades
Mpox, formerly known as monkeypox, is caused by the mpox virus. Prior to the 2022 global outbreak,the virus circulated primarily in West and Central Africa,resulting in two main clades:
- Clade 1 (formerly West African clade): Historically associated with lower mortality rates,around 1%.
- Clade 2 (formerly Congo Basin clade): Considered more virulent, with mortality rates potentially reaching up to 10%.
The 2022 global outbreak was largely driven by clade 2b.1. The newly identified recombinant strain,clade Ib,is unique as it contains genetic material from both clade 1 and clade 2,potentially influencing it’s transmissibility and severity.
What is a recombinant Strain?
A recombinant strain arises when two different viruses infect the same host cell simultaneously. During replication, their genetic material can mix, creating a new virus with characteristics of both parent strains. As explained by Nature, this process is a natural part of viral evolution.The resulting recombinant strain may exhibit altered properties, such as increased transmissibility or altered disease severity.
UKHSA Response and Vaccination Recommendations
The UKHSA is actively investigating the new case to determine the potential impact of the recombinant strain. They are conducting genomic sequencing and contact tracing to understand the extent of any potential spread.
Despite the emergence of this new strain, the UKHSA continues to recommend vaccination for eligible individuals. Vaccination with the JYNNEOS vaccine has been shown to be effective in preventing mpox infection and reducing the severity of illness. Eligible groups typically include:
- Gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men.
- Healthcare workers at risk of exposure.
- Individuals with weakened immune systems.
The UKHSA emphasizes that viruses naturally evolve, and ongoing surveillance is crucial for monitoring these changes and adapting public health strategies accordingly.
Global Mpox situation (as of December 9, 2023)
| Region | Confirmed cases (2022-2023) | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Global | Over 87,000 |
|