Vietnam’s 40 Years of Renewal: Achievements, Foreign Policy Progress, and Future Challenges Highlighted in Global Media

Vietnam has made significant progress over four decades of economic and diplomatic renewal, known as Doi Moi, transforming from a war-torn and isolated nation into a dynamic player in regional and global affairs, according to statements made by Vietnamese officials during a press briefing in Athens on April 23, 2026.

The briefing, hosted by the Vietnamese Embassy in Greece, highlighted achievements across economic growth, international integration, and bilateral cooperation, particularly with Greece. Vietnamese Ambassador to Greece Pham Thi Thu Huong emphasized that despite historical challenges, Vietnam has attained upper-middle-income status with a per capita income of $5,026 and ranked 32nd globally in this metric.

Vietnam’s economy has shown strong momentum, with gross domestic product growth reaching 8.02% in 2025, driven by industrialization, export expansion, and structural reforms. Key export sectors include electronics, textiles, footwear, wood products, seafood, and agricultural goods such as coffee, rice, cashew nuts, and pepper.

In foreign affairs, Vietnam has pursued a policy of diversification and multilateral engagement, normalizing relations with major powers and expanding its diplomatic network. The country has upgraded its partnerships with France and the United Kingdom to Comprehensive Strategic Partnerships in 2024 and 2025, respectively, reflecting deepened cooperation in politics, defense, trade, and technology.

Vietnam has also maintained balanced relations with traditional partners, including China and Russia, engaging in high-level dialogues and state visits. These interactions underscore Hanoi’s approach of fostering cooperation while safeguarding national sovereignty and independence in foreign policy decisions.

Cultural diplomacy has played a growing role in Vietnam’s international outreach. The country has been recognized as a “World’s Leading Heritage Destination,” drawing tens of millions of tourists annually. In 2025, Vietnam recorded a record 21 million international visitors, highlighting the global appeal of its historical sites, natural landscapes, and cultural traditions.

The developments were presented in the context of Vietnam’s broader national renewal process, which began in 1986 with the launch of Doi Moi reforms. Over the past four decades, these policies have shifted Vietnam from a centrally planned economy to a socialist-oriented market economy, integrating the country into global supply chains and attracting sustained foreign direct investment.

Officials affirmed that Vietnam will continue to pursue peaceful development, uphold its independent foreign policy, and strengthen cooperation with all countries based on mutual respect and shared interests. The briefing in Athens served as part of ongoing efforts to promote Vietnam’s achievements and deepen understanding of its development trajectory among international partners.