Political Earthquake in Japan: Ruling Party Suffers Major Setback in Parliamentary Elections
Tokyo – Japan’s long-ruling Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) experienced a significant defeat in recent parliamentary elections, losing its majority in the lower house of parliament. The results, announced on October 28, 2024, mark a turning point in Japanese politics, potentially signaling a shift in the nation’s policy direction.
The LDP, led by Prime Minister Shigeru Ishiba, secured 191 seats in the 465-seat lower house, a loss of 56 seats from its previous total. Combined with its coalition partner, Komeito, the ruling bloc now holds 215 seats – falling short of the majority needed to govern effectively. This is the first time since the 2009 lower house election that the ruling coalition has failed to secure a majority.
The opposition Constitutional Democratic Party of Japan (CDP) saw a substantial gain, increasing its seat count to 148, up from 98 previously. The Democratic Party for the People (DPP) also experienced a surge in support, quadrupling its representation to 28 seats. The Japan Innovation Party (JIP) secured 38 seats, while Reiwa Shinsengumi, a left-wing populist party, gained nine seats before the dissolution of the lower house, though ultimately failed to expand that number.
Despite the setback, Prime Minister Ishiba reiterated his commitment to improving Japan’s defense capabilities on Monday, October 28th, a day after the election results became clear. He expressed his intention to remain in office, despite the loss of the majority. However, the diminished power of the LDP is expected to lead to a period of political maneuvering and negotiation as parties vie for influence.
Several factors contributed to the LDP’s disappointing performance. A series of “politics and money” scandals reportedly played a significant role in eroding public trust in the ruling party. Komeito also experienced losses, with its leader, Keiichi Ishii, defeated in his constituency. The party secured only 24 seats, down from 32 before the dissolution, and struggled to maintain its previous success in single-seat constituencies.
The election also saw gains for smaller opposition parties. The Japanese Communist Party secured eight seats, down two from before the dissolution. The newly-formed far-right Conservative Party, along with right-wing populist party Sanseitō, also gained seats, reflecting a growing diversity of political viewpoints within the Japanese electorate.
The results have prompted speculation about the future of Japan’s government. With the LDP no longer holding a majority, the formation of a new coalition or a minority government is likely. The actions of the CDP, JIP, and other opposition parties will be crucial in determining the next steps. The DPFP’s significant gains will also be closely watched as they navigate the evolving political landscape.
The election of Shigeru Ishiba as Prime Minister on November 11th, as head of an LDP-Komeito minority government, suggests a period of potential instability and compromise. The coming months will be critical as Japan’s political leaders attempt to address the challenges facing the nation while navigating a more fragmented parliamentary environment.
The defeat for Reiwa Shinsengumi, despite initial gains, was noted, with party officials expressing disappointment. According to reports, the party’s ability to amplify the voice of its leader, Taro Yamamoto, was insufficient to translate into increased seat numbers. Several candidates from the party, including Kushibuchi, lost their bids in small electoral districts.
