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venezuelans continue to cautiously observe teh evolving situation at the Colombian border, largely refraining from returning home despite its reopening in late 2023, citing ongoing concerns about political stability, economic hardship, and personal safety. While the border’s opening initially sparked hope, widespread return has not materialized as of January 2026.
Venezuela’s Border with Colombia
The border between Venezuela and Colombia officially reopened on September 23, 2023, after a nearly seven-year closure initiated by the Venezuelan government in 2016. Reuters reported on the reopening, noting the symbolic crossing of vehicles and pedestrians.
The closure, enacted under the Nicolás Maduro administration, was justified by Venezuela as a measure to combat criminal activity and protect its sovereignty. Colombia viewed the closure as politically motivated and detrimental to trade and the movement of people. The reopening followed a thaw in relations between the two countries after Gustavo Petro assumed the Colombian presidency in August 2022.
Despite the reopening, a mass return of Venezuelan migrants has not occurred. The International Institution for Migration (IOM) stated in September 2023 that while the reopening was a positive step, it did not automatically translate to large-scale returns.
Economic Conditions in Venezuela
Venezuela’s economy remains severely distressed, hindering widespread repatriation. Hyperinflation, which peaked in 2018, continues to erode purchasing power, even though it has slowed significantly. The International Monetary Fund (IMF) estimates Venezuela’s inflation rate at 360% for 2024, and projects it to be 150% in 2025.
The oil sector, the backbone of the Venezuelan economy, has suffered from years of underinvestment and mismanagement. Oil production, which once exceeded 3 million barrels per day, currently hovers around 750,000 barrels per day as of December 2025, according to the U.S. Energy Details administration. This decline has severely limited the government’s ability to fund social programs and stabilize the economy.
Food shortages and limited access to basic goods and services remain prevalent. A 2024 report by the World Food Program details that over 30% of the Venezuelan population experiences food insecurity.
Political and Security Concerns
Political instability and security concerns continue to deter Venezuelans from returning. The Maduro government faces ongoing criticism from international organizations and foreign governments regarding human rights abuses and a lack of democratic governance.
Human Rights Watch reports ongoing arbitrary arrests, political persecution, and restrictions on freedom of expression. The united Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR) has also documented serious human rights violations in Venezuela.
High levels of crime and violence, coupled with the presence of armed groups, further contribute to the insecurity.The Venezuelan Observatory of Violence
