Annular Solar Eclipse 2026: Date, Visibility & Eye Safety Tips

An annular solar eclipse will occur on February 17, 2026, but will only be visible from remote parts of Antarctica. The peak of the eclipse will occur at 7:12 AM EST (or 7:12 PM WIB).

Partial phases of the eclipse will also be visible from portions of southern Africa and southern South America. Those outside these regions will need to rely on live broadcasts to witness the event.

A solar eclipse happens when the Moon passes between the Sun and Earth, casting a shadow on our planet. An annular eclipse specifically occurs when the Moon covers approximately 96% of the Sun’s disk, leaving a bright ring of sunlight visible around the Moon’s silhouette – often described as a “ring of fire.” This differs from a total solar eclipse, where the Moon completely obscures the Sun.

The Dangers of Direct Viewing

Observing a solar eclipse, even a partial or annular one, requires extreme caution. Looking directly at the Sun, even during an eclipse, can cause serious and potentially permanent eye damage. The intensity of the Sun’s light is sufficient to burn the retina, even when a portion of the Sun is covered.

Professor Ralph Chou, of the School of Optometry & Vision Science at the University of Waterloo, emphasizes that even a small amount of sunlight can be harmful. He has encountered cases of patients presenting with crescent-shaped burns on their retinas, clearly indicating when they viewed the eclipse without proper protection.

This damage occurs due to a photochemical reaction within the retina. The retina contains photoreceptor cells – rods for low-light vision and cones for color perception – that are vulnerable to solar radiation. Exposure to the Sun’s rays can damage or destroy these cells, leading to a condition known as retinal burns or solar retinopathy.

The severity of retinal damage depends on the duration of unprotected viewing. Prolonged exposure can result in both photochemical injury and thermal burns, destroying both rod and cone cells. This risk extends to those using telescopes or binoculars without appropriate solar filters.

Protecting Your Eyes During an Eclipse

The only safe way to view a solar eclipse directly is through certified solar viewing glasses or handheld solar viewers. These filters are thousands of times darker than regular sunglasses and must comply with the ISO 12312-2 international standard. It’s crucial to inspect these devices for any tears or scratches before use, discarding them if damaged.

During a total solar eclipse, there is a brief period of totality when the Moon completely blocks the Sun’s bright face, and the solar corona becomes visible. You need to use eclipse glasses whenever the disk of the Sun itself can be seen, explains Professor Chou. In other words glasses are needed during all phases of a partial or annular eclipse, and during the partial phases of a total eclipse. It is only during the moments of complete totality that it is safe to remove eye protection – and even then, caution is advised.

It’s important to remember that regular sunglasses, smoked glass, color film, medical X-ray film, or floppy disks offer no protection and should never be used to view the Sun.

What to Do If You Suspect Damage

If you experience any changes in vision after viewing a solar eclipse, it’s essential to seek prompt evaluation from an eye care professional. Solar retinopathy can sometimes develop hours or even days after exposure, and early diagnosis and management are crucial. While some cases may resolve on their own, others can lead to permanent vision loss.

The upcoming annular solar eclipse on February 17, 2026, presents a unique opportunity for astronomical observation. However, prioritizing eye safety is paramount. By following recommended guidelines and using appropriate protective measures, individuals can enjoy this celestial event without risking their vision.