Chikungunya Virus: Burden & Vaccination Potential
- Marburg virus is a rare but severe and ofen fatal hemorrhagic fever virus.
- Marburg virus is transmitted to people through prolonged exposure to infected animals - specifically, fruit bats are considered the natural reservoir.
- funerals involving direct contact with the body of a deceased person who died from MVD are a significant source of transmission.Healthcare workers are also at high risk if...
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Marburg Virus: A Comprehensive Overview
Table of Contents
Published: October 26, 2023. Updated: October 26, 2023.
What is Marburg Virus?
Marburg virus is a rare but severe and ofen fatal hemorrhagic fever virus. It belongs to the Filoviridae family, which also includes Ebola virus. The virus causes Marburg virus disease (MVD), previously known as Marburg hemorrhagic fever. Frist identified in 1967 following outbreaks in Marburg and Frankfurt,Germany,the virus is named after the German town where the initial cases were detected World Health Organization.
How is Marburg Virus Transmitted?
Marburg virus is transmitted to people through prolonged exposure to infected animals – specifically, fruit bats are considered the natural reservoir. Human-to-human transmission occurs through direct contact with bodily fluids (blood, vomit, urine, saliva, feces) of infected people, or with contaminated surfaces and materials (bedding, clothing). Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
funerals involving direct contact with the body of a deceased person who died from MVD are a significant source of transmission.Healthcare workers are also at high risk if proper infection control measures are not followed.
Symptoms of Marburg Virus Disease
Initial symptoms of MVD frequently enough appear abruptly,typically 2-21 days after exposure. Early symptoms can be non-specific and include fever, severe headache, muscle aches, and weakness. As the disease progresses, more severe symptoms develop, including:
- Hemorrhaging (internal and external bleeding)
- Vomiting and diarrhea (often bloody)
- Stomach pain
- Severe skin rash
- Neurological symptoms (confusion, delirium)
The fatality rate of MVD is extremely high, ranging from 24% to 88% depending on the strain of the virus and the quality of healthcare available World Health Organization.
Diagnosing Marburg Virus Disease
Diagnosing MVD can be challenging in the early stages due to the similarity of symptoms to other infectious diseases,such as malaria,typhoid fever,and Ebola.Diagnosis requires laboratory testing of blood samples to detect the virus or antibodies against the virus. Common diagnostic methods include:
- Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)
- Antigen-capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA