China Warns US MATCH Act Would Disrupt Global Semiconductor Supply Chain and Trade Order

China has warned that newly advanced US export-control bills targeting semiconductor manufacturing equipment could disrupt global chip supply chains and harm the economic order, as the Ministry of Commerce stated on Friday that legislation advancing through Congress would “severely disrupt the international economic and trade order and seriously undermine the stability of the global semiconductor industry chain and supply chain.”

The legislation in question is the Multilateral Alignment of Technology Controls on Hardware (MATCH) Act, which passed the House Foreign Affairs Committee on April 22, 2026, as part of what lawmakers described as the largest markup on semiconductor export controls in congressional history.

The MATCH Act aims to close loopholes to prevent the Chinese military from accessing advanced semiconductors by requiring the Netherlands and Japan to align their chip equipment export restrictions with American rules within 150 days or face unilateral US enforcement, including an expanded Foreign Direct Product Rule that would give Washington jurisdiction over equipment containing any American technology, regardless of where it was manufactured.

If enacted, the MATCH Act would cut off China’s access to the DUV immersion lithography machines that ASML still sells there and ban the servicing of machines already installed, a step that would affect every advanced and near-advanced fab in the country.

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China has already enacted comprehensive supply chain security regulations and rare earth restrictions, while the US simultaneously builds domestic capacity through CHIPS Act investments and the $25B Terafab project.

The bill is part of a broader markup of export control measures intended to ensure America continues to lead in the AI Arms Race, according to a press release by the US House Committee on Foreign Affairs.

China will closely follow the progress of the relevant legislation, carefully assess its impact on China’s interests, and will resolutely take necessary measures to firmly safeguard the legitimate and lawful rights and interests of Chinese enterprises, a spokesperson with China’s Ministry of Commerce said.

China has consistently opposed any actions that overstretch the concept of national security and abuse export control measures, the MOFCOM spokesperson added.

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If the bill is eventually enacted, it will severely disrupt the international economic and trade order and seriously undermine the stability of the global semiconductor industry chain and supply chain.

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The MATCH Act would extend semiconductor export controls to block China from buying and servicing DUV lithography tools, and Asian chipmakers with China fabs are directly in the crosshairs.

Understanding the MATCH Act and Its Scope

The Multilateral Alignment of Technology Controls on Hardware (MATCH) Act is a legislative proposal designed to strengthen coordination among allied nations on export controls for advanced semiconductor manufacturing equipment.

Investing.com reported that Beijing has issued a stern warning regarding new legislative efforts in the US Congress, asserting that proposed bipartisan export-control bills targeting the semiconductor sector threaten to severely destabilize global supply chains.

The US is increasingly weaponizing “national security” justifications to impose trade restrictions that could undermine the international economic order.

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Broadening restrictions on AI and chip hardware, the move follows a decision by the House Foreign Affairs Committee on Wednesday to advance a slate of bills aimed at curbing the flow of advanced artificial intelligence and semiconductor technologies to China.

Although the Ministry of Commerce stopped short of specifying what countermeasures might be deployed, the rhetoric highlights a growing concern that the semiconductor boom could be derailed by escalating trade frictions.