Colon Cancer Symptoms
- Colorectal cancer is a cancer that starts in the colon or rectum.
- Colorectal cancer is the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the United States, according to the American Cancer Society.
- Recent trends indicate a concerning rise in colorectal cancer cases among younger adults.
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Understanding Colorectal Cancer Screening: When to Start & How Often
Table of Contents
Updated December 12, 2023, at 2:05 PM PST
What is Colorectal Cancer?
Colorectal cancer is a cancer that starts in the colon or rectum. it often begins as small, noncancerous growths called polyps. Over time, some of these polyps can become cancerous. Early detection is crucial for prosperous treatment, making regular screening vital.
Why is Screening Notable?
Colorectal cancer is the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the United States, according to the American Cancer Society. However, it’s also highly preventable with regular screening. Screening can detect polyps *before* they become cancerous, allowing for their removal. It can also find cancer at an early stage, when treatment is most effective.
Recent trends indicate a concerning rise in colorectal cancer cases among younger adults. This shift necessitates a reevaluation of screening guidelines and increased awareness among individuals under 50 who may be experiencing symptoms.
Who should Get Screened?
The American Cancer Society recommends that individuals at average risk for colorectal cancer begin regular screening at age 45. though, those with increased risk factors should consider starting earlier.
Risk factors include:
- A personal or family history of colorectal cancer or adenomatous polyps.
- Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), such as Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis.
- Type 2 diabetes.
- Obesity.
- A history of radiation to the abdomen or pelvis.
- Certain genetic syndromes, such as familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) or Lynch syndrome (hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer – HNPCC).
Screening Options
Several effective screening methods are available. Your doctor will discuss the best option for you based on your individual risk factors and preferences.
| Test | How it effectively works | Frequency (if negative) | Preparation |
|---|---|---|---|
| Colonoscopy | A long, flexible tube with a camera is used to view the entire colon and rectum. Polyps can be removed during the procedure. | Every 10 years | Bowel preparation required (clearing the colon). |
| Fecal Immunochemical Test (FIT) | Detects hidden blood in a stool sample. | Annually | Simple stool sample collection. |
| Stool DNA Test (Cologuard) | Analyzes a stool sample for both hidden blood and abnormal DNA. | Every 3 years | Stool sample collection. |