Daily Medications That May Reduce or Increase Dementia Risk: Expert Insights and Key Findings

Several commonly prescribed medications may help lower the risk of developing dementia, according to recent research highlighted in Spanish-language health news and supported by peer-reviewed studies. Findings indicate that drugs used to manage blood pressure, cholesterol, and blood sugar are associated with a reduced likelihood of cognitive decline, while certain other medications may increase risk and should be used with caution in older adults.

A report from Primera Hora, based on Google News aggregation, identified six everyday medications that could help reduce dementia risk. These include statins for cholesterol, antihypertensives for high blood pressure, and certain diabetes medications such as metformin. The New York Times also published a related article discussing four medications that may increase dementia risk, particularly anticholinergic drugs and some antipsychotics, which are advised to be avoided or minimized in patients with cognitive concerns.

Research published in Molecular Psychiatry in July 2025 conducted a systematic umbrella review of systemic medications and dementia risk. The study found no significant difference between classes of antihypertensive drugs in their association with dementia risk, but emphasized that blood pressure control itself is a key factor. The researchers advised avoiding anticholinergic drugs in individuals with cognitive impairment and recommended assessing anticholinergic burden during routine clinical visits.

The Seattle Times, citing similar findings, noted that diabetes is linked to an increased risk of dementia, and that certain Type 2 diabetes medications, including metformin, may help lower that risk. This aligns with broader evidence suggesting that managing metabolic health through medication can have protective effects on brain health over time.

Collectively, the evidence suggests that medications targeting cardiovascular and metabolic health — such as statins, blood pressure drugs, and glucose-lowering agents — may contribute to dementia prevention when used appropriately. However, experts caution that these associations do not prove causation, and medication decisions should always be made in consultation with a healthcare provider, especially considering individual health profiles and potential side effects.

While these findings offer promising insights into preventive strategies, they underscore the importance of regular medical review, particularly for older adults taking multiple medications. Reducing unnecessary anticholinergic exposure and maintaining optimal blood pressure and glucose levels remain key components of brain-healthy aging, supported by both pharmacological and lifestyle approaches.