Dengue Fever Cases Drop in Pematangsiantar, but Children Remain Vulnerable

Dengue fever cases in Pematangsiantar City have declined, but children remain particularly vulnerable to the disease, according to recent health reports and research findings.

The number of dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) cases in Pematangsiantar City decreased in 2024, with 315 recorded cases and a case fatality rate of 1.59%, based on a study evaluating environmental factors related to water reservoir management.

Research published in the International Journal of Health and Environmental Sciences identified several significant associations between water reservoir characteristics and DHF incidence. The availability of water containers was linked to a lower risk of infection, with an odds ratio of 0.088 (95% CI: 0.011–0.708), while open containers increased risk (OR = 0.332; 95% CI: 0.167–0.662). Infrequent drainage—less than once per week—was associated with nearly a threefold increase in risk (OR = 2.650; 95% CI: 1.371–5.122), and failure to cover water containers raised risk (OR = 2.277; 95% CI: 1.148–4.517).

Children at Higher Risk Despite Overall Decline

In Iloilo province, dengue fever continued to affect thousands from January to September 20, with 4,706 infections and 17 deaths reported during that period. Children aged 1 to 9 years comprised the most affected age group, highlighting their heightened vulnerability even as overall case numbers fluctuate.

Public Health Recommendations

Health officials emphasize the importance of monitoring for warning signs such as persistent vomiting, severe abdominal pain, bleeding gums, or lethargy, particularly in children. Preventive measures include regular draining and covering of water storage containers to reduce mosquito breeding sites.

Eliminating standing water around homes and maintaining clean surroundings remain critical steps in reducing dengue transmission, especially during periods when case numbers may appear to decline but local risks persist.