Diabetes Guidelines: SGLT-2 & GLP-1 for Heart & Kidney Health
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New Guidelines Advocate Broad Use of SGLT-2 Inhibitors & GLP-1s for Type 2 Diabetes
A panel of experts writing in The BMJ has recommended that sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists should be used in almost all adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D) who are at a high risk of cardiovascular and kidney complications. They also suggest that these medications should be used in most adults with a moderate risk of complications. However, for patients with a lower risk of complications, the panel advises against routinely prescribing these medications and instead suggests that health care providers discuss other available treatment options based on the patient’s preference and priorities.1,2
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Type 2 diabetes and Cardiovascular Complications
T2D affects nearly half a billion individuals globally and is marked as the ninth leading cause of death internally, connected to multi-organ health issues. As this issue has become more prevalent, the central goal of diabetes management has shifted from controlling blood sugar to preventing cardiovascular and kidney complications. Previous findings have demonstrated that SGLT-2s and GLP-1s like finerenone (Kerendia; Bayer) and tirzepatide (Mounjaro, Zepbound; Eli Lilly and Company) have demonstrated protective benefits for the heart and kidney and achieve important weight loss.1
Understanding SGLT-2 and GLP-1 Guidelines
Due to the rapidly evolving evidence around SGLT-2 inhibitors and GLP-1s for diabetes and cardiovascular treatment, the study authors noted that up-to-date guidelines are needed to help health care providers make decisions based on a risk-stratified approach and patient needs.1
The international panel included 2 patient partners, clinicians, and methodologists that created the guidelines by following standards for trustworthy recommendations. Using the GRADE approach, the panel considered the balance of benefits, harms