Diphtheria used to be a major cause of childhood deaths. Now it’s back in Australia – Australian Broadcasting Corporation

Australia is experiencing a resurgence of diphtheria, a serious bacterial infection that was once a leading cause of childhood mortality. The outbreak has resulted in the first death from the disease in Australia in ten years.

The fatality occurred in the Northern Territory, where health officials are managing the spread of the infection. The Central Australian Aboriginal Congress reported the death as part of a concentrated outbreak in the region.

The impact of the outbreak has been disproportionately felt within specific communities. According to the Central Australian Aboriginal Congress, Indigenous people account for 98 percent of the cases in the current outbreak.

Public Health Alerts in Western Australia

Beyond the Northern Territory, health authorities in Western Australia have issued urgent alerts to the public. The warnings emphasize the rare nature of the outbreak and the critical importance of immunisation.

Health officials have urged residents to Get vaccinated to prevent further transmission and protect vulnerable populations from the infection.

Understanding Diphtheria

Diphtheria is an acute infectious disease caused by the bacterium Corynebacterium diphtheriae. It primarily affects the mucous membranes of the nose and throat, though it can also manifest as skin infections.

The infection is characterized by the potential development of a thick, grey pseudomembrane in the throat. This membrane can obstruct the airway, leading to severe breathing difficulties and, in some cases, strangulation.

If left untreated, the bacteria can release toxins that lead to systemic complications. These may include inflammation of the heart muscle, known as myocarditis, and nerve damage that can result in paralysis.

Prevention and Vaccine Coverage

Medical professionals emphasize that diphtheria is a preventable disease. Protection is achieved through vaccination, which helps the body develop immunity to the toxins produced by the bacteria.

The current outbreaks in the Northern Territory and Western Australia highlight the risks associated with gaps in vaccine coverage. Public health strategies are now focusing on increasing immunisation rates to halt the spread of the disease.

Health authorities continue to monitor the situation across Australia to identify additional cases and ensure that those at risk receive the necessary vaccinations and medical care.