Discovering Trichopelma grande: Cuba’s Unique and Hairy New Tarantula Species

Islands affect how animal species evolve. They provide unique habitats and isolate species from each other. This leads to different adaptations, including some surprising traits.

A recent discovery at Viñales National Park in Cuba reveals a new tarantula species. This species, named Trichopelma grande, is significant for being the largest in its genus and for having especially hairy legs.

Trichopelma previously included 22 species found mainly in the Antillean Islands. The new tarantula shows traits typically found in tree-dwelling species, despite living in burrows on the forest floor, similar to other Trichopelma species.

Lead researcher David Ortiz stated that while Trichopelma grande is large for its genus, it is small compared to the largest tarantulas globally, which can reach lengths of 25–35 mm. In contrast, the known males of Trichopelma grande measure only 8.4–11.1 mm.

The males of this new species have stiff hairs called setae on their legs, giving them a feather-like appearance. This trait is common in tree-dwelling tarantulas, yet this species burrows into the ground.

Currently, the researchers have only found a few males. There is not enough data to evaluate the conservation status of Trichopelma grande. The study notes the importance of Viñales National Park, which hosts many unique species. The absence of specimens in museums may suggest a limited population.

Ortiz emphasized the need for more research on this unique tarantula. He highlighted the threats facing Viñales National Park, such as logging and severe weather events like hurricanes. The park’s environment is stressed, with only small untouched forest areas remaining.

The findings were published in the Journal of Natural History.