SOFFRONO IL FREDDO
Table of Contents
È noto a tutti che il freddo è uno dei nemici più temuti delle auto elettriche: quando le temperature scendono sotto lo zero, l’autonomia dichiarata sulla carta può ridursi in modo sensibile, soprattutto nell’uso quotidiano fatto di tragitti brevi e ripetuti. Il problema non è solo il riscaldamento dell’abitacolo. infatti, le batterie agli ioni di litio lavorano in modo ottimale tra i 20 e i 40 gradi: al di sotto di queste temperature diventano meno efficienti e una parte dell’energia viene usata semplicemente per portarle in temperatura.
Secondo l’autorevole automobile club tedesco ADAC, che spesso svolge accurati test sul campo al servizio degli automobilisti, i consumi invernali possono aumentare in media del 70%, con punte ancora più elevate nei tragitti brevi: è quanto emerso dalle prove effetuate su diversi modelli elettrici in condizioni invernali estreme.
SCENARIO PEGGIORE
per capire quanto incida davvero il freddo, i tecnici dell’ADAC hanno sottoposto una selezione di auto elettriche a un test in camera climatica a -7 °C, confrontando i risultati con quelli ottenuti a 23 °C. Le vetture sono partite con batteria e abitacolo completamente freddi, senza preriscaldamento: una situazione volutamente severa, ma molto simile a quella che si verifica nelle mattine invernali.
Dalle prove emerge un dato che alcune auto perdono fino alla metà dell’autonomia rispetto ai valori estivi. L’ADAC precisa che si tratta di uno scenario limite, pensato per simulare il caso più sfavorevole: nei viaggi lunghi, infatti, il peso del riscaldamento iniziale si diluisce e l’autonomia migliora, ma per chi utilizza l’auto elettrica soprattutto in città o su brevi percorsi, i numeri del test rispecchiano bene la realtà quotidiana.
TUTTE PERDONO AUTONOMIA
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The Biden-Harris administration has implemented and modified several student loan forgiveness programs since 2022, offering relief to millions of borrowers. As of January 20, 2026, several key programs remain active, with evolving eligibility criteria and request processes. This article details the current status of these programs, including SAVE, IDR adjustments, and specific forgiveness options for public service employees and those defrauded by their institutions.
Saving on a Valuable Education (SAVE) Plan
The SAVE plan is an income-driven repayment (IDR) plan that significantly lowers monthly payments for many borrowers.It replaced the Revised Pay As You Earn (REPAYE) plan and offers more generous terms, including a higher percentage of discretionary income protected from repayment and faster loan forgiveness for low-balance borrowers.
Under the SAVE plan, borrowers with undergraduate loans pay 5% of their discretionary income toward their loans, down from 10% under previous IDR plans. Borrowers with both undergraduate and graduate loans pay a weighted average between 5% and 10% of their discretionary income. The plan also eliminates accruing interest as long as borrowers make their full monthly payments. Borrowers with original principal balances of $12,000 or less can receive forgiveness after 10 years of payments.
Example: The Department of Education estimates that the average annual payment for borrowers enrolled in SAVE will be reduced by $1,000. The plan officially launched in July 2023, with phased rollout of benefits throughout 2024.
One-Time IDR Account Adjustment
The one-time IDR account adjustment aimed to provide credit toward loan forgiveness for past periods of repayment, forbearance, or deferment that previously didn’t qualify. This adjustment was designed to address historical issues with IDR plan administration.
The adjustment considered all months borrowers spent in repayment, nonetheless of the plan, and gave credit toward forgiveness as if the borrower had been enrolled in the most beneficial IDR plan available to them. The department of Education announced the final implementation details in April 2023, and the program concluded in April 2024 after multiple extensions.
Evidence: As of December 2023, the Department of Education reported that the IDR account adjustment had resulted in 153,000 borrowers becoming immediatly eligible for loan forgiveness, totaling $9.4 billion in relief.
Public Service Loan Forgiveness (PSLF)
public Service Loan Forgiveness provides forgiveness of federal student loans to borrowers employed full-time by qualifying U.S. federal, state, tribal, or local goverment organizations, or certain non-profit organizations. To qualify, borrowers must make 120 qualifying monthly payments while working full-time for a qualifying employer.
The PSLF program underwent significant changes in October 2021, with the implementation of a temporary limited PSLF waiver. This waiver allowed borrowers to receive credit for past payments that previously wouldn’t have qualified, such as payments made on non-standard repayment plans.The waiver period ended October 31, 2022. Current PSLF rules require certification of employment annually.
Example: The Department of Education reported that, as of January 15, 2026, over $62 billion in loan forgiveness has been approved for over 790,000 borrowers through PSLF and the temporary waiver. The PSLF Help Tool (https://pslf.aid.gov/) assists borrowers in determining their eligibility.
Borrower Defense to Repayment
borrower Defense to repayment allows borrowers to seek forgiveness of their federal student loans if their school engaged in certain misconduct, such as making false or misleading statements about the school’s services or financial value.
The Department of Education has been working to address a backlog of Borrower Defense claims filed by borrowers who attended institutions that were found to have engaged in misconduct, particularly for-profit colleges. The Biden-Harris administration has prioritized resolving these claims and providing relief to eligible borrowers.
Evidence: In june 2023, the Department of Education announced $5.8 billion in loan forgiveness for over 300,000 borrowers who had filed Borrower Defense claims related to deceptive practices at specific institutions, including ITT Technical Institutes and Corinthian colleges. The Department continues to process claims and issue decisions.
Closed School Discharge
Closed School Discharge provides loan forgiveness to borrowers who attended a school that closed while they were enrolled or shortly after they withdrew. The Department of Education automatically processes discharges for eligible borrowers when a school closure is reported.
Recent changes to the regulations governing Closed School Discharge, finalized in July 2024, aim to streamline the process and provide more equitable relief to borrowers. These changes include automatic discharges for borrowers who attended schools that closed within a certain timeframe and expanded eligibility criteria.
