New Pathway discovered for Fatty Acid Synthesis⁤ Regulation

⁣ ​Updated June 15, 2025

A team of researchers has identified a ⁢novel mechanism regulating fatty acid synthesis, a process vital for energy storage and cellular function. The⁢ study focuses on SREBP-1c,a protein ‍that ⁤activates ⁣fatty acid synthesis,and its regulation by different​ types of fatty acids.

The​ research elucidated a new cleavage mechanism of SREBP-1c, confirming its regulation by fatty acids. The cleavage occurs in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), ‍where ⁤the ⁤rhomboid protease RHBDL4 acts as a key enzyme. Saturated fatty acids activate this ‌cleavage, while polyunsaturated‍ fatty acids deactivate it, suggesting RHBDL4’s activity ​is modulated by the type of fatty⁣ acid present.

The team also discovered that the VCP​ complex extracts the cleaved SREBP-1c protein from the ER. In experiments with mice lacking the RHBDL4 gene ‌and‍ fed a high-fat, high-cholesterol diet, SREBP-1c cleavage was suppressed. This suppression inhibited the​ expression of ⁢genes involved in fatty‌ acid synthesis, polyunsaturated fatty acid synthesis​ and uptake, and ‍lipoprotein secretion, ultimately improving fatty liver pathophysiology.

The newly uncovered RHBDL4-SREBP-1c pathway represents a lipid homeostasis mechanism regulated by fatty acids. Researchers ​believe this finding could lead to new therapeutic strategies for metabolic disorders and lifestyle-related diseases resulting from abnormal lipid metabolism.

What’s next

Further research will focus ⁣on translating ⁤these findings into targeted therapies⁤ for conditions like fatty liver disease and other metabolic disorders, potentially‌ offering new hope‍ for patients struggling ‌with these conditions.