Global Head and Neck Cancer Trends 1990-2021: Global Burden of Disease Study

Summary of Oral and Pharyngeal​ Cancer⁣ (OPC) and Laryngeal Cancer (LC) Global Burden (2021 ‍Data ⁣& Trends 1990-2021)

Here’s a breakdown of the key findings regarding‍ the global burden‌ and trends of Oral and pharyngeal Cancer (OPC) and Laryngeal⁤ Cancer (LC), based on the provided text:

Oral and Pharyngeal Cancer (OPC):

* ⁢ Incidence: OPC incidence was absent in those under 20-24 years old, peaking in the 60-64 age group in 2021 ‍(Fig. 4D).
* Mortality: OPC deaths initially increased but declined after the 60-64 age group in 2021 (Fig. 5D).
* ⁤ Further Data: Prevalence and Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) data are available in supplementary materials (Tables S4-5, Figures S5-8).

Laryngeal Cancer (LC):

* ⁣ Incidence: Global LC incidence ⁢increased ‌by 60.48% (95% ⁤UI, 48.46%−74.30%) since 1990, reaching 200,800 cases in ‍2021.
*​ ⁤ Mortality: Global ​LC mortality increased by 36.67% (95% UI, 24.52%−48.70%) compared to⁤ 2019, with 117,250 deaths in⁣ 2021.
* ASIR (Age-Standardized Incidence Rate): 2.29 (95% UI, 2.13-2.47) per 100,000 in 2021, a 25.34% decline as 1990.
*‌ ASMR (Age-Standardized Mortality Rate): 1.35 (95% UI, 1.26-1.45) per 100,000 in⁢ 2021, ‍a 37.09% decrease since 1990.
* EAPC (Estimated Annual Percentage Change): -1.09 (95% UI: -1.16,⁣ -1.01) for ASIR and -1.39 (95% UI: -1.48, -1.30) ​for ASMR from 1990-2021.
* Overall Trend: Crude ⁢ASIR, ASPR, ASDR, and ASMR showed a stable trend from 1990 ‍to 2021.
* ⁢ Regional Variation (2021):

‌ ⁤ ⁤* Highest ASIR: Central Europe ⁣ [4.46 (95% UI, 4.07-4.87) per 100,000]

‌ ‍ *‍ ‌Lowest ASIR: Oceania [0.56 (95% UI, 0.44-0.74) per 100,000]

* Highest ASMR: caribbean [2.69 (95% UI, 2.33-3.13) per 100,000]

* Lowest ASMR: High-income Asia Pacific [0.31 (95% UI, 0.27-0.35) per 100,000]

* National Variation (2021):

‌ * Highest ASIR: Monaco ‍ [10.44 (95% UI, 7.80-14.22) per 100,000]

⁣ * Lowest ASIR: Kiribati [0.23 (95% UI, 0.16-0.32) per 100,000]

‌ *‌ Lowest ⁤Mortality: Kiribati (further details⁢ incomplete in the provided text).

Note: The text frequently references supplementary materials (Tables S1-S5, Figures ⁣S2-S8) for more ⁤detailed data.