Global Liver Cirrhosis Burden: Trends & Projections 1990-2060

Here’s a breakdown of the key information from the provided text,focusing on liver cirrhosis:

1. Regional Differences in Cirrhosis Rates (ASPR – Age-Standardized Prevalence Rate):

* Increase in High SDI Regions: The age-standardized prevalence rate ⁣(ASPR) of liver ‍cirrhosis⁣ significantly ⁤increased in high Socio-Demographic ⁣index (SDI) regions (95% CI: 0.535-0.627).
* Stability/Decline Elsewhere: ASPR remained stable or declined in ‍other regions.
* ‍ NAFLD vs. Hepatitis B: Generally, liver cirrhosis due to Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ⁣(NAFLD) was more⁤ prevalent than ⁢cirrhosis from other causes except in low SDI regions,‍ where chronic Hepatitis B ‍was the‍ more common cause before⁣ 2008.

2. Risk Factors⁤ for Cirrhosis:

* Primary Risks: Drug use and high ⁣alcohol use are the two main behavioral risk factors for liver cirrhosis.
* High SDI Region – Highest Rates: The⁢ high SDI region had the highest⁤ rates of‍ cirrhosis deaths related to‍ both drug use (22.97%) and excessive alcohol consumption (52.41%) in 2021.
* Trends in Risk Factor Contribution:

* The ⁣proportion of cirrhosis deaths due to high alcohol use increased in all regions except the high SDI region (where it slightly decreased).
* The proportion of cirrhosis deaths due to drug use increased across‍ all regions.

3.Figure 7:

* Figure 7A shows the proportion of deaths attributable to risk factors in 1990.
* Figure 7B shows the proportion of deaths attributable to risk factors in 2021.
* ⁢ Figure 7C shows the trend of these proportions from 1990-2021.

In essence,the text highlights a shifting landscape ⁣of liver cirrhosis,with increasing⁢ rates in developed regions,a growing role of NAFLD as a cause ⁢(except in some ‍developing regions),and a ⁢concerning rise⁤ in the contribution of drug use to cirrhosis-related⁣ deaths globally.