Central Banks’ Gold Reserves Approach Historic Highs

‍ ⁣ ‌ Updated june⁤ 11, 2025

Global⁣ central banks’ appetite for gold has propelled the precious ⁣metal to become the second-largest reserve asset in 2024, according to ⁣a European Central Bank report. Some ⁤analysts, however, suggest that certain institutions may‌ be nearing their saturation point for gold holdings.

Central banks’ gold stockpiles are approaching levels not seen sence the 1960s. The⁢ ECB analysis indicated that, coupled with soaring gold prices, gold now trails⁢ only the U.S. dollar⁢ in ​value⁢ among reserve ⁤holdings.

In 2024, ‍gold ‍accounted​ for 19% of global official reserves, a‍ shift ⁤from 2023 when gold adn the euro ‌were roughly equal at 16.5%. The U.S. dollar remains dominant, comprising 47% of reserves.

employee arranging gold bars at Italpreziosi SpA refinery in Arezzo, Italy

An employee arranges gold bars at the Italpreziosi SpA precious metals ⁣refinery⁣ plant in Arezzo, Italy, on Tuesday, ⁣May 6, ‍2025.

Central banks accumulate liquid assets like foreign currencies and​ gold to hedge ⁣against inflation and diversify their holdings. These reserves can also be ⁤sold to bolster their own currency during economic stress. Gold is viewed⁢ as‌ a long-term store of‌ value,offering ⁤resilience amid volatility. Central banks‌ now account for over 20% of global gold demand,‍ a meaningful increase ⁣from approximately 10% ⁤in the ⁤2010s.

ECB ​data⁢ suggests that emerging and developing nations find gold⁣ increasingly‌ attractive due‌ to concerns about sanctions and potential ‌declines in major ​currencies’ international roles.

Gold prices have repeatedly​ reached record highs in recent⁤ years,including in ⁣2025.though, ⁢the rally​ has experienced volatility recently, influenced by fluctuating U.S. tariff policies.

The full-scale invasion of Ukraine in February 2022 marked ⁢a turning point⁤ for gold, triggering a surge in⁤ demand for safe-haven assets‍ amid spiking inflation⁢ and rising⁢ interest rate expectations. Geopolitical and ⁤economic‍ uncertainty has persisted since then.

Spot ⁣gold futures.

China has been a primary driver of the gold rally, with India and Turkey also ⁣contributing substantially⁢ to ⁣the demand for the precious metal.

What’s next

UBS Global Wealth Management’s chief investment officer, Mark Haefele, ⁣advised clients to maintain portfolio diversification and adequate exposure to gold and hedge ‍funds, anticipating continued⁢ stock market‌ volatility.