Greece’s Asylum System and Human Rights Watch Concerns
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Human Rights Watch (HRW) has consistently documented concerns regarding Greece’s asylum system, focusing on issues of pushbacks, detention conditions, and access to protection for asylum seekers.As of January 29, 2026, these concerns remain largely unaddressed, despite repeated calls for reform from international organizations and human rights groups.
HRW’s reporting details alleged unlawful pushbacks of migrants and asylum seekers at Greece’s land and sea borders,violating international law. These practices involve the summary return of individuals without due process, often to countries where they face persecution or other harm. HRW has documented numerous testimonies from individuals claiming they were forcibly returned to Turkey, sometimes after being subjected to violence and theft by Greek authorities.
In a report published in october 2023, HRW documented 29 incidents involving over 500 people allegedly subjected to pushbacks between January and August 2023. “greece/Turkey: Unlawful Pushbacks Continue” details accounts of violence and deprivation.
Detention Conditions for Asylum Seekers
Greece’s detention conditions for asylum seekers are often substandard, according to Human Rights Watch. Overcrowding, inadequate sanitation, and limited access to medical care are frequently reported issues. These conditions can exacerbate vulnerabilities and negatively impact the physical and mental health of detainees.
HRW has highlighted concerns about the prolonged detention of vulnerable groups, including unaccompanied children and individuals with health conditions. Greek law allows for administrative detention of asylum seekers for extended periods, raising concerns about its compatibility with international human rights standards.
A 2022 report by HRW, “Greece: Unaccompanied Children Left in Limbo”, details the challenges faced by unaccompanied children seeking asylum in Greece, including inadequate guardianship and access to education and psychosocial support. The report states that as of February 2022, over 1,000 unaccompanied children were in precarious situations.
Access to Asylum Procedures
While Greece has a legal framework for asylum, Human Rights Watch has raised concerns about practical barriers to accessing asylum procedures. These barriers include geographical limitations on where asylum claims can be lodged, lengthy processing times, and a lack of adequate legal assistance.
HRW has also documented cases of asylum seekers being discouraged from applying for protection or being provided with inaccurate facts about the asylum process. These practices can undermine the right to seek and receive asylum.
In December 2021, the Greek government passed Law 4961/2021, amending the asylum procedure. The law introduced changes to the asylum process, including stricter rules on detention and accelerated procedures for certain nationalities. HRW criticized these changes, arguing they coudl further restrict access to protection.
- Greek Government: Responsible for implementing and enforcing asylum laws and policies.
- European Union: Provides funding and support to Greece for managing migration and asylum.
- United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR): Monitors the situation of refugees and asylum seekers in Greece and provides assistance.
- Turkish Coast Guard: Frequently involved in incidents related to pushbacks at the maritime border with Greece.
