Health Data by Race and Ethnicity: Key Statistics
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Racial adn Ethnic disparities in Healthcare access in the U.S.
Table of Contents
At a glance:
* What: Notable disparities exist in healthcare access among racial and ethnic groups in the United States.
* Where: These disparities are observed across various healthcare services, including primary care, dental care, and mental health services, nationwide.
* When: Data primarily from 2023 highlights ongoing inequalities.
* why it Matters: Unequal access to healthcare contributes to poorer health outcomes and exacerbates existing health inequities.
* What’s Next: Addressing these disparities requires targeted interventions and policy changes to improve access and affordability.
Introduction
access to quality healthcare is a basic aspect of overall well-being. Though, significant disparities persist in the United States, with racial and ethnic minority groups facing greater barriers to care then White Americans. Recent data reveals ongoing inequalities in access to primary care, dental care, and mental health services, impacting health outcomes across different communities. This article examines these disparities, focusing on the experiences of Hispanic, Black, Asian, American Indian/Alaska Native (AIAN), and Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander (NHPI) populations.
Disparities in Healthcare Access for Adults
Among those under age 65,adults of color are more likely than white adults to report not having a usual doctor or provider and going without care. Roughly one third (36%) of Hispanic adults, one quarter (25%) of AIAN adults, and one in five of NHPI (22%) and Asian (19%) adults report not having a personal health care provider compared to 16% of White adults (Figure 7). The shares of Black adults (15%) who report not having a personal health care provider are similar to the share of their White counterparts (16%).
These disparities extend to affordability. Hispanic (23%), NHPI (19%), AIAN (18%), and Black (16%) adults are more likely than White adults (12%) to report not seeing a doctor in the past 12 months because of cost, while Asian adults (8%) are less likely than White adults to say they went without a doctor visit due to cost. Preventive care is also affected; Hispanic adults (30%) are more likely than White adults (26%) to say they went without a routine checkup in the past year, while Black (19%) adults are less likely to report going without a checkup. Dental care access also varies significantly,with Hispanic (45%),AIAN (41%),and Black (36%) adults more likely than White adults (32%) to report going without a visit to a dentist or dental clinic in the past year.
Editor’s Analysis – drjenniferchen
These findings underscore the systemic barriers faced by many communities of color in accessing healthcare. Factors contributing to these disparities include socioeconomic status,geographic location,language barriers,discrimination,and a lack of culturally competent care. The lower rates of routine checkups and dental visits among Hispanic, AIAN, and Black adults are notably concerning, as preventive care is crucial for early detection and management of health conditions.
Healthcare Access for Children
Children of color are also more likely than White children to go without a preventive dental visit, lack a usual source of care, or have no personal doctor. About one third of Hispanic (34%), Black (34%), and asian (34%) children lack a usual source of care when sick compared to 15% of White children (Figure 8). Hispanic (39%), AIAN (39%), Black (33%), and Asian (28%) children are more likely to not have a personal doctor or nurse than White children (21%). Similarly, higher shares of Black (25%), Asian (23%), and Hispanic (22%) children went without a preventive dental visit in the past year compared to White children (18%). Data for NHPI children should be interpreted with caution due to large confidence intervals.
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Mental Health Service Utilization
Among adults with any mental illness, Hispanic, black, and Asian adults are less likely than White adults to report receiving mental health services. Nearly six in ten (58%) of White adults with any mental illness report receiving mental health services in the past year (Figure 9).In contrast,about four in ten Hispanic (44%) and Black (39%) adults,and a third (33%) of Asian adults with any