More than six million Canadians are currently living with heart disease or stroke, according to a new report released this month. While advancements in medical care continue, a significant portion of these conditions – nearly 80 percent – are preventable through lifestyle changes and proactive management of existing health risks.
The report, released by Heart & Stroke, highlights a concerning trend: the number of Canadian adults diagnosed with high blood pressure has been steadily increasing since 2000, with over 8.2 million adults now living with the condition. High blood pressure is a leading risk factor for stroke and a major contributor to heart disease.
Understanding Your Risk Factors
Nine in ten Canadians have at least one key risk factor for heart disease or stroke. These factors fall into two main categories: modifiable and non-modifiable. Modifiable risk factors are those that individuals can actively change through lifestyle adjustments, while non-modifiable factors are inherent and cannot be altered.
Modifiable Risk Factors: These include lifestyle choices such as smoking and vaping, poor nutrition, physical inactivity, and excessive alcohol or drug use. Managing medical conditions like high blood pressure, diabetes, and high cholesterol also falls into this category. Addressing these factors can significantly reduce an individual’s risk.
Non-Modifiable Risk Factors: Age and genetics play a role. Risk increases with age, and individuals with a family history of early heart disease or stroke – particularly in a parent or sibling – are at a higher risk. Certain ethnic backgrounds, including people of African or South Asian heritage, and First Nations, Métis and Inuit peoples, also have a higher predisposition to conditions like high blood pressure and diabetes, increasing their overall risk.
The Role of Lifestyle and Prevention
The report emphasizes the importance of adopting heart- and brain-healthy habits. A healthy diet, rich in vegetables and prepared at home, coupled with regular physical activity, are foundational elements of prevention. Limiting processed foods is also crucial.
Beyond diet and exercise, managing stress and avoiding smoking and vaping are vital. The report also points to the importance of understanding your individual risk profile. Heart & Stroke offers a free Risk Screen tool to help Canadians assess their unique risks and develop a personalized plan for prevention.
Genetics and Family History
While lifestyle choices are paramount, genetics and family history cannot be ignored. Inherited traits can predispose individuals to heart disease and stroke. However, even with a genetic predisposition, lifestyle choices can still have a profound impact. The habits cultivated during childhood – whether a family prioritized sports and outdoor activities or regularly cooked healthy meals – can significantly shape long-term heart and brain health.
Women’s Unique Risk Factors
It’s important to note that women’s risk of heart disease and stroke changes throughout their lives. Risk increases after menopause, highlighting the need for increased awareness and preventative measures during this life stage.
The Importance of Early Detection and Management
The report underscores that almost 80% of premature heart disease and stroke is preventable. This emphasizes the power of proactive health management. Early detection of risk factors, such as high blood pressure and high cholesterol, and effective management through medication and lifestyle changes, are critical steps in reducing the burden of these conditions.
While declining smoking rates are a positive trend, the report suggests that improvements are needed in areas such as diet, physical activity, and stress management. Nearly eight in ten adults and youth in Canada consume fewer than five servings of fruits and vegetables daily, indicating a need for greater emphasis on healthy eating habits.
The findings from Heart & Stroke serve as a crucial reminder that heart disease and stroke are not inevitable. By understanding your risk factors, adopting a healthy lifestyle, and working with healthcare professionals to manage existing conditions, Canadians can significantly reduce their risk and live longer, healthier lives.
