Hematopoietic progenitor cell (HPC), cord blood therapy is a medical treatment designed to help the body increase the production of mature blood cells. It’s administered during a stem cell transplant procedure, typically for individuals with disorders affecting the hematopoietic system – the system responsible for blood cell formation.
Understanding Hematopoietic Progenitor Cells
Hematopoietic progenitor cells, sometimes referred to as hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), are found in both blood and bone marrow. These cells have the remarkable ability to develop into the various types of mature blood cells essential for life: red blood cells (carrying oxygen), platelets (stopping bleeding), and white blood cells (fighting infections). This therapy utilizes these cells to rebuild or replace a patient’s hematopoietic system, a process known as a bone marrow or stem cell transplant.
When is HPC, Cord Blood Used?
This specific therapy, utilizing cord blood, is used in unrelated donor hematopoietic progenitor stem cell transplantation procedures. So the cells are not from the patient themselves, but from a donor. It’s employed in treating a range of conditions, including inherited disorders, acquired diseases, and those resulting from treatments like chemotherapy or radiation that damage the bone marrow.
Important Considerations Before Treatment
Before receiving HPC, cord blood, it’s crucial to inform your healthcare team about your complete medical history. Specifically, they need to know about any unusual or allergic reactions you’ve experienced to hematopoietic progenitor cells, other medications, foods, dyes, or preservatives. It’s also vital to disclose if you are pregnant, trying to become pregnant, or breastfeeding.
How is the Medication Administered?
HPC, cord blood is administered as an infusion into a vein. What we have is not a self-administered medication; it is always given by a healthcare professional in a hospital or clinic setting. The use of this medication in children requires careful consideration and discussion with a pediatrician, as specific precautions apply.
Potential Risks and Side Effects
As with any medical treatment, HPC, cord blood carries potential risks and side effects. Some side effects are common, while others are more serious and require immediate medical attention.
Common side effects can include high blood pressure (hypertension), acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), mortality from all causes within the first 100 days after transplant, infusion reactions, engraftment syndrome, primary graft failure, vomiting, nausea, sinus bradycardia, allergy, low blood pressure (hypotension), and hemoglobinuria.
Serious side effects, though less frequent, can be life-threatening. These include respiratory distress, severe bronchospasm, severe bradycardia with heart block or other arrhythmias, cardiac arrest, hypotension, hemolysis (destruction of red blood cells), elevated liver enzymes, renal compromise (kidney problems), encephalopathy (brain dysfunction), loss of consciousness, and seizures. A severe headache, confusion, slurred speech, weakness in the arms or legs, difficulty walking, loss of coordination, very stiff muscles, or vision changes also warrant immediate medical attention.
There is also a potential, though rare, risk of transmitting an infection or a rare genetic disease through the transplanted cells. Your doctor will discuss these risks and benefits with you before proceeding with treatment.
Drug Interactions
Currently, there are no known drug interactions specifically identified for HPC, cord blood. However, it is essential to provide your healthcare provider with a comprehensive list of all medications you are taking, including prescription drugs, over-the-counter medications, herbal supplements, and vitamins. This ensures a thorough assessment of potential interactions.
What to Watch For During Treatment
HPC, cord blood can potentially cause serious allergic reactions. To minimize this risk, your doctor may prescribe medication to be taken before treatment. Be vigilant for signs of an allergic reaction, such as skin rash, itching, hives, or swelling of the face, lips, or tongue. Report any of these symptoms to your healthcare team immediately.
Reporting Side Effects
If you experience any side effects while receiving HPC, cord blood, it’s important to inform your doctor. You can also report side effects to the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) at 1-800-FDA-1088.
Medication Storage
This medication is administered in a hospital or clinic setting and is not typically stored at home by patients.
Important Disclaimer
This information is intended for general knowledge and informational purposes only, and does not constitute medical advice. It is essential to consult with a qualified healthcare professional for any health concerns or before making any decisions related to your health or treatment. This summary sheet does not cover all possible information about this medication.
