Apple’s latest iOS 18 update introduces a potentially groundbreaking accessibility feature: Eye Tracking. Available on iPhone 12 and newer models, as well as the third-generation iPhone SE, this technology allows users to control their devices simply by looking at the screen. While still in its early stages, Eye Tracking represents a significant step towards hands-free interaction with mobile devices, and a glimpse into the future of human-computer interfaces.
The evolution of mobile interaction has been rapid. Capacitive touchscreens revolutionized the way we interact with our phones, replacing the abstraction of cursors and clicks with direct manipulation. However, even the intuitive nature of touch controls has prompted exploration into the “next big thing.” Virtual and augmented reality headsets are already experimenting with hands-free controls, utilizing technologies like eye, head, and finger tracking, and even more advanced brain-computer interfaces. Apple’s Eye Tracking brings a version of this future to the iPhone, leveraging the device’s existing hardware to offer a new level of accessibility and control.
How to Use Eye Tracking on Your iPhone
Enabling Eye Tracking requires navigating to the Accessibility settings on a compatible iPhone running iOS 18 or later. The feature is located within the Physical and Motor section, specifically under “Eye Tracking.” Once activated, users are guided through a brief calibration process. This involves following moving dots with their eyes and tilting their head, allowing the system to map individual eye movements and establish a baseline for accurate tracking. Apple recommends maintaining a distance of approximately 11.8 inches (30 centimeters) from the screen for optimal performance.
The settings menu offers several customization options. A “Smoothing” slider adjusts the responsiveness of the on-screen cursor, allowing users to fine-tune the tracking to their preference. A “Snap to Item” toggle enables the cursor to automatically lock onto nearby UI elements, simplifying selection. Additional options include a zoom function for keyboard keys, an auto-hide toggle for the cursor, and controls for “Dwell Control” – which governs how long a gaze must remain fixed on an item to trigger an action – and a “Show Face Guidance” toggle to provide visual cues for optimal positioning.
Does Eye Tracking Actually Work?
Initial impressions of Eye Tracking on the iPhone are mixed, but ultimately promising. The on-screen cursor is generally stable and accurate, though occasional drifting can occur. The core mechanic, “dwelling” – maintaining a steady gaze on a desired element – takes practice. Accidental selections are common initially, requiring focused concentration to avoid unintended actions. However, with practice, accuracy and speed improve. The experience isn’t yet as fluid as traditional touch controls, but it demonstrates the potential of the technology.
Apple has integrated a virtual AssistiveTouch button that appears when Eye Tracking is enabled, providing quick access to essential system functions like Notification Center, Control Center, and Siri. This accessibility focus is key; while the technology isn’t yet poised to replace touch as the primary input method, it offers a valuable alternative for users with motor disabilities who may find traditional controls challenging.
The current implementation feels very much like a first-generation accessibility tool. While impressive given the limited dedicated hardware on the iPhone, it’s clear that further refinement is needed. The potential for improvement is significant. Future iterations could benefit from advancements in AI-powered tracking algorithms and potentially, the integration of external hardware, such as infrared-based eye-tracking accessories, similar to those used in specialized assistive technology.
Eye Tracking on the iPhone is a compelling demonstration of Apple’s commitment to accessibility and innovation. While it’s unlikely to become a mainstream input method in the immediate future, it offers a glimpse into a world where interacting with technology is less reliant on physical touch. As the technology matures, and potentially integrates with other emerging technologies like augmented reality contact lenses, the possibilities for hands-free control are vast. For now, it provides a valuable tool for users with limited mobility, and a tantalizing preview of what’s to come.
