Middle East & Africa News – February 18, 2026 | World Updates

The Islamic holy month of Ramadan is set to begin on Wednesday, February 18th, across much of the Middle East, following the sighting of the crescent moon. The announcement, led by Saudi Arabia, signals the start of a period of fasting, prayer, and reflection for Muslims worldwide.

The decision to commence Ramadan on February 18th was made after the moon-sighting committee in Saudi Arabia confirmed the crescent’s visibility on Tuesday, February 17th. This practice of visual confirmation remains central to determining the start of the month in many Muslim-majority nations, despite the increasing use of astronomical calculations.

While Saudi Arabia’s announcement often serves as a benchmark for the wider Islamic world, other countries employ varying methods to ascertain the beginning of Ramadan. Some rely on their own local moon sightings, while others utilize astronomical data to predict lunar phases. This can occasionally lead to discrepancies in the start date across different regions.

The sighting of the crescent moon is a deeply symbolic act, rooted in the Islamic lunar calendar. For the moon to be visible, it must set after the sun, creating a period of darkness sufficient to discern the thin sliver of the new moon. Moon sighters traditionally face west after sunset on the 29th day of the preceding month, Shaban, in the Hijri calendar, searching for this first glimpse.

The process isn’t merely observational. In Saudi Arabia, testimonies from individuals who claim to have sighted the moon are officially recorded and presented to the Supreme Court, which then issues a formal decree on the commencement of Ramadan. This highlights the intersection of religious tradition and state authority in determining a key date in the Islamic calendar.

The timing of Ramadan is particularly significant this year, coming amidst ongoing geopolitical tensions in the Middle East. The region continues to grapple with conflicts and instability, most notably in Gaza, where the humanitarian situation remains dire. The observance of Ramadan often brings a renewed focus on charitable giving and solidarity, but also underscores the challenges faced by communities affected by conflict.

Beyond the immediate religious observances, Ramadan has a profound social and economic impact. Fasting from dawn until dusk influences daily routines, and businesses often adjust their operating hours. The breaking of the fast, known as Iftar, is traditionally a communal event, strengthening family and community bonds. The month also sees increased charitable activity, with many Muslims donating to those in need.

The announcement from Saudi Arabia comes as Iran and the United States are reportedly engaged in talks regarding Iran’s nuclear program. While these discussions are taking place in Geneva, the timing coincides with the start of Ramadan, potentially adding another layer of complexity to the diplomatic process. The BBC News reported that Iranian officials have indicated a willingness to discuss compromises to reach a nuclear deal, stating that the “ball was in America’s court.”

Elsewhere in the Middle East, tensions remain high. Recent Israeli strikes in Gaza have resulted in casualties, according to reports from the Palestinian Red Crescent. These events underscore the fragility of the security situation in the region and the ongoing challenges to achieving lasting peace. The US military has also been observed increasing its naval and air presence near Iran, a move that has drawn attention amid the ongoing nuclear negotiations.

The observance of Ramadan is expected to be felt across the Muslim world, from the Middle East and North Africa to Asia and beyond. The month serves as a reminder of the shared faith and values that unite Muslims globally, even as they navigate diverse political and social contexts. The Middle East Monitor provides ongoing coverage of developments across the region, offering insights into the challenges and opportunities facing Muslim communities.

As the first day of fasting approaches, preparations are underway in many countries. Mosques are being cleaned and decorated, and families are stocking up on provisions for Suhoor, the pre-dawn meal, and Iftar, the evening meal that breaks the fast. The spirit of Ramadan is one of renewal, reflection, and a commitment to spiritual growth.