Nigeria, Africa’s most populous nation, presents a complex economic landscape where affordability varies dramatically between its cities and states. While major commercial hubs like Lagos and Abuja are known for their high cost of living, a number of locations offer a comparatively inexpensive standard of living, attracting residents seeking economic relief. This disparity is particularly relevant given the widespread economic challenges facing the country, including poverty and declining economic conditions.
Recent assessments indicate a significant difference in living costs across Nigeria. According to data compiled by livingcost.org, Nigeria ranks as the 114th most expensive country globally, but also the 188th most liveable. This suggests a trade-off between basic amenities and overall quality of life. The same source identifies Lagos as the most expensive city, with a cost of living of $1102, while Ibadan offers a more affordable alternative at $752. Other cities highlighted for their relative affordability include Oyo ($664), Ilorin ($526), Akure ($644), Ado Ekiti ($642), Osogbo ($705), Enugu ($563), Port Harcourt ($676), and Benin ($632).
The appeal of these more affordable cities extends beyond simply lower rent. They also offer basic amenities, social life, and employment opportunities, albeit often on a smaller scale than those found in the major metropolitan areas. Here’s a crucial factor for many Nigerians who are seeking a balance between economic viability and a reasonable quality of life. A recent post on Facebook within a group dedicated to Nigerian affairs highlighted Akwa Ibom State as surprisingly affordable, despite being an oil-rich region. The post noted that while national inflation stands at 17.4%, food costs have increased at a slower rate in the state.
The search for affordable living is not limited to cities. Several states have been identified as particularly inexpensive. A report from The Nation Online, published in May 2025, details ten of the cheapest states to reside in, offering lower rent and cheaper food prices. While the specific states were not detailed in the provided summary, the report underscores a broader trend of regional economic variation within Nigeria.
The economic pressures driving this search for affordability are significant. Nigerian Informer notes that the widespread poverty and economic decline in Nigeria mean that many cannot afford to live comfortably in the country’s first-class cities. This situation is compounded by a national context where the GDP per capita is $807, and the GDP per capita based on purchasing power parity is $6440, according to livingcost.org. Life expectancy is also relatively low, at 54.5 years, and the homicide rate is 21.7 per 100,000 people.
Beyond the purely economic considerations, access to healthcare is a critical factor. Reports indicate ongoing challenges related to the cost and availability of essential medicines. A recent article highlighted the difficulties in accessing asthma medication in Nigeria, a concern for a significant portion of the population.
The overall quality of life in Nigeria is also a factor. The country’s Human Freedom Index score is 5.61, and its Corruption Perceptions Index score is 26, indicating areas for improvement in governance and personal liberties. The air quality is rated as moderate, and road traffic mortality is relatively high at 20.7 deaths per 100,000 people. These factors contribute to the overall assessment of Nigeria as the 188th most liveable country in the world.
The situation reflects a broader trend across Africa, where urbanization and economic pressures are creating a demand for affordable living options. While Nigeria’s major cities continue to attract investment and opportunity, the growing need for economic relief is driving a shift towards more affordable regions. This dynamic is likely to continue as Nigeria navigates its ongoing economic challenges and strives to improve the quality of life for its citizens. One observer noted that while Nigeria needs to do more to improve conditions, its cities remain relatively affordable compared to other African nations.
The data from livingcost.org provides a snapshot of the economic realities facing Nigerians. The country’s population of 233 million is largely English-speaking (60.6%), and the cost of living is $879, with an after-tax salary of just $85. This stark disparity highlights the economic challenges faced by many and underscores the importance of finding affordable living options. The salary-to-expenses ratio of 0.1 further illustrates the financial strain on individuals and families.
