Pew Research Methodology | Data & Insights
- The Spring 2025 Global Attitudes Survey relies on a blend of data collection methods.
- In 2024, both telephone and face-to-face surveys occurred in Hungary and poland.
- International analyses sometimes incorporate demographic variables based on external data.These include ideology, religious identification, education, and income levels.
dive into the meticulous world of the Pew Research Center‘s global Attitudes Survey methodology. We dissect the Spring 2025 survey, revealing its mixed-method approach: telephone, face-to-face, and online interviews, conducted by Gallup, Langer Research Associates, and Social Research Centre. Discover how ideology is measured, utilizing scales from “Extreme left” to “Extreme right” across a multitude of nations, alongside the crucial analysis of religious identification and income levels. Learn how education is standardized for consistent cross-country comparison. News Directory 3 offers insights on how these methodologies shape our understanding of global perspectives. Understand that any differences present in the 2024 figures used for comparison with the 2025 data. Discover what’s next in global attitude research.
Understanding the Global Attitudes Survey Methodology
Updated June 13,2025
The Spring 2025 Global Attitudes Survey relies on a blend of data collection methods. Gallup, Langer Research Associates, and Social Research Center conduct telephone, face-to-face, and online interviews. Unless specified, results represent national samples. For detailed information, refer to the international survey methodology.
In 2024, both telephone and face-to-face surveys occurred in Hungary and poland. this report uses 2024 telephone survey data for direct comparison with 2025 telephone data. Consequently, 2024 figures for Hungary and Poland might differ from previous reports.
International analyses sometimes incorporate demographic variables based on external data.These include ideology, religious identification, education, and income levels.
Measuring Ideology and Religious Identity
The survey assesses respondents’ attitudes based on thier self-placement on an ideological scale. Most countries, including Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Canada, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Israel, Italy, Mexico, Netherlands, Nigeria, Poland, South Africa, Spain, Sweden, turkey, and the United Kingdom, use a scale from “Extreme left” to “Extreme right.” Japan and South Korea measure ideology from “Extremely progressive” to “Extremely conservative.” Ideology was not assessed in India, Indonesia, or Kenya.
Respondents are asked about their current religious identification. Religious groups with sufficient sample sizes are analyzed separately. National totals include respondents from all religious backgrounds, even if their specific group isn’t analyzed individually. understanding the role of religion is key to interpreting global attitudes.
Education and Income Classifications
To facilitate cross-country comparisons, education levels are standardized using the United nations’ International Standard Classification of Education (ISCED).
countries are classified as high or middle income based on World Bank categories, which rely on per capita gross national income. This classification aligns with other analyses, including those examining global views of China,satisfaction with democracy, globalization, and national identity.
What’s next
Future surveys will likely refine methodologies to capture evolving global attitudes, ensuring data accuracy and comparability across diverse populations.