Emerging research suggests that common synthetic fabrics, particularly polyester, may pose previously underestimated risks to human health, extending beyond simple skin irritation. A Padma Shri awardee, scientist Dr. Ajai Kumar Sonkar, recently issued a warning that polyester and similar textiles could be contributing to infertility, accelerated aging, and a range of chronic diseases.
Dr. Sonkar’s concerns stem from the understanding that polyester isn’t simply an inert material. He describes it as an “invisible endocrine disruptor,” meaning it can interfere with the body’s hormonal system. This interference, he explains, is due to the presence of endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) within the fabric itself. These EDCs include phthalates, bisphenols, antimony compounds, and microplastic residues.
Polyester and Reproductive Health
The potential impact on reproductive health is particularly concerning. Dr. Sonkar cited a study involving dogs, where approximately 75% of female dogs wearing polyester garments experienced difficulty conceiving. This was linked to a significant reduction in progesterone levels, a hormone crucial for ovulation, conception, pregnancy maintenance, and fetal development. “When its level collapses, infertility becomes inevitable,” Dr. Sonkar stated.
The identified EDCs are believed to contribute to a variety of reproductive issues in both men and women, including reduced sperm count and motility in men, hormonal imbalances in women, irregular ovulation, and an increased risk of miscarriage. Dr. Sonkar suggests these factors may be contributing to the “rising global infertility crisis,” framing it not merely as a lifestyle issue, but as a “chemically driven biological collapse.”
Broader Health Implications
The potential health risks aren’t limited to reproductive function. Dr. Sonkar highlighted the particular vulnerability of elderly individuals, whose hormonal reserves, detoxification capabilities, and immune systems are already compromised. Endocrine disruption from polyester exposure could exacerbate age-related health decline.
Further research, as highlighted in Discover Magazine, points to the presence of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in polyester fabrics. PFAS are a group of chemicals found in numerous products and are notoriously difficult for the body to eliminate. Studies have indicated that PFAS exposure can reduce fertility in women by as much as 40 percent.
The Role of Microplastics
The issue extends beyond the chemicals intentionally added to polyester. The fabric itself breaks down over time, releasing micro- and nanoplastics into the environment and potentially into the human body. While the full extent of the health effects of microplastic exposure is still under investigation, growing evidence suggests they can affect metabolic and reproductive health.
What Does This Mean for Consumers?
The findings raise important questions for consumers about the fabrics they choose to wear. While more research is needed to fully understand the long-term effects of polyester exposure, the available evidence suggests a need for caution. It’s important to note that the 1993 dog study, while significant, is decades old and requires further investigation to determine its relevance to human health. However, the presence of EDCs and microplastics in polyester fabrics is a confirmed reality.
Currently, there is no widespread recommendation to eliminate polyester from wardrobes entirely. However, individuals concerned about potential health risks may consider prioritizing natural fibers like cotton, linen, and silk whenever possible. Choosing clothing made from these materials can reduce exposure to the chemicals and microplastics associated with synthetic fabrics.
The scientific community continues to investigate the complex relationship between synthetic fabrics and human health. Ongoing research will be crucial in determining the extent of the risks and informing public health recommendations. For now, awareness of the potential concerns is a vital first step in making informed choices about the clothes we wear.
It is important to remember that this is an evolving area of research, and more studies are needed to fully understand the impact of polyester and other synthetic fabrics on human health. Individuals with concerns about their reproductive health or overall well-being should consult with a healthcare professional.
