Preserving Papuan Heritage: Women’s Forest Faces Threats from Development and Pollution

The Women’s Forest of Enggros Village

Introduction

In Jayapura, Indonesia, women from Enggros village cherish their unique relationship with the mangrove forest. This area, known as the women’s forest, is vital for their traditions, livelihoods, and sense of community.

Tradition of Tonotwiyat

Petronela Merauje leads the women to gather in the mangrove forests every morning. This practice, called Tonotwiyat, means “working in the forest.” For generations, women have collected clams, fished, and gathered firewood there. Merauje emphasizes the cultural importance of the forest, as it gives women a space to share stories and earn a living.

A Diminishing Space

The women’s forest, located just 13 kilometers from downtown Jayapura, has faced significant threats. Development and pollution have reduced its area and harmed biodiversity. Although the forest became formally recognized as a women’s area in 2016, its survival is now at risk.

Daily Life in the Forest

Women like Merauje and Berta Sanyi feel a strong connection to the forest. They spend their mornings collecting clams and firewood. This practice fosters community, as they can talk about personal issues in a safe environment. The local culture enforces tribal fines for men who enter the forest, underlining the space’s significance for women.

Environmental Challenges

Rapid urban growth in Jayapura has significantly shrunk the forest. In the past, Youtefa Bay boasted about 514 hectares of mangroves. Today, estimates suggest that this area is less than half of its original size. Meanwhile, pollution from the city has degraded the land, impacting the health and number of clams available.

Health Risks from Pollution

Youtefa Bay collects waste from Jayapura, leading to increased pollution levels. Women now find trash among the clams. Paula Hamadi noted that her catch has drastically diminished. Studies reveal high lead levels in the bay, posing health risks to both the community and marine life.

Efforts to Preserve the Forest

Despite these challenges, the women of Enggros village are taking initiative. They plant new mangrove trees and clean up trash in the area. However, experts like John Dominggus Kalor stress the need for formal protections against future development. Unfortunately, current regulations do not protect Youtefa Bay or the women’s forests.

Conclusion

Enggros village demonstrates a strong commitment to preserving their traditions and environment. However, without protected status for the women’s forest, its future remains uncertain. Continued efforts from the community are crucial to maintaining this valuable resource for generations to come.