Preventing Dementia: Organ Fat Linked to Brain Health
- 新研究發現，內臟脂肪組織有助於維持腦源性神經營養因子（BDNF）的水平，但這種效果會隨著年齡增長而減弱，可能導致認知能力下降。
- 這是由日本東邦大學（Toho University）藥理學系博士 Yoshinori Takei 和 Atsushi Sugiyama，及京都大學藥學研究所博士 Akira Hirasawa 以及大阪醫藥大學藥學部博士 Yoko Amagase 共同領導的新研究，發現內臟脂肪組織老化與大腦健康之間的新聯繫。該研究近期發表於美國老化協會官方期刊 GeroScience。
- BDNF 是大腦中最豐富的蛋白質，在腦部可以促進神經元（神經細胞）的生長，也促進大腦神經細胞突觸的形成。人體一旦缺乏 BDNF 將可能造成認知功能衰退，過去有研究發現阿茲海默症、失智症患者腦中的 BDNF 濃度普遍較低。
新研究發現，內臟脂肪組織有助於維持腦源性神經營養因子（BDNF）的水平，但這種效果會隨著年齡增長而減弱，可能導致認知能力下降。
這是由日本東邦大學（Toho University）藥理學系博士 Yoshinori Takei 和 Atsushi Sugiyama，及京都大學藥學研究所博士 Akira Hirasawa 以及大阪醫藥大學藥學部博士 Yoko Amagase 共同領導的新研究，發現內臟脂肪組織老化與大腦健康之間的新聯繫。該研究近期發表於美國老化協會官方期刊 blank”>GeroScience。
BDNF 是大腦中最豐富的蛋白質，在腦部可以促進神經元（神經細胞）的生長，也促進大腦神經細胞突觸的形成。人體一旦缺乏 BDNF 將可能造成認知功能衰退，過去有研究發現阿茲海默症、失智症患者腦中的 BDNF 濃度普遍較低。
而該研究結果顯示，腹腔內的內臟脂肪組織會表達 CX3CL1 蛋白質，可促進 BDNF 的產生。在年輕小鼠體內，脂肪與腦部之間的串連作用有助於確保足夠的 BDNF 生成，進而維持認知健康。
然而，隨著年齡增加，CX3CL1 在脂肪組織中的表達降低，因而在年老小鼠中降低作用。研究認為，這種與年齡相關的變化可能導致認知能力下降，因為大腦 BDNF 水平與老年人的認知表現有關，若能調節腹膜 CX3CL1 隨年齡增長而減少的趨勢，有可能將恢復因老化受損的認知功能。
此外，研究發現，促進脂肪組織脂解作用的類固醇荷爾蒙可提升 CX3CL1 的表達。然而，隨著年齡增加，年老小鼠的脂肪組織對類固醇荷爾蒙的反應能力下滑，這種不敏感性似乎降低 CX3CL1 的產生，進而影響大腦中 BDNF 的生成，可能是導致認知功能衰退的關鍵因素之一。
由於荷爾蒙誘導的脂肪分解減少與中年期的腹部脂肪累積有關，該研究指出，與中年體重增加相對應的機制，可能同樣導致腦部 BDNF 水平隨年齡下降。
（首圖來源：shutterstock）
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Here are some frequently asked questions about the link between visceral fat, brain health, and aging, based on recent research.
What is visceral fat and why is it crucial?
- How does visceral fat affect brain health and cognitive function?
- What is BDNF and why is it important for brain health?
- Can exercise increase BDNF levels?
- how does aging affect the relationship between visceral fat and BDNF?
- Is there a way to maintain or restore cognitive function as the connection between visceral fat and BDNF diminishes?
- What role does the steroid hormone harmane play in this process?
- Are these findings applicable to humans?
- What can I do to reduce visceral fat?
- What is the connection between increased belly fat during middle age and decreased BDNF levels?
- How is the research conducted?
- Summary Table – Visceral Fat, BDNF, and Aging
- Further Reading
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