Reality TV and the American Dream: ‘AGT’ and ‘Survivor’ Scrutinized

Updated May 31, 2025
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From talent shows to survival challenges, reality TV dominates⁢ the airwaves. But do these programs, like “America’s Got Talent” ⁣and “Survivor,” shape our understanding of the American Dream and meritocracy? Eunji Kim, a political science professor at Columbia University, argues that they do.

On “america’s Got Talent,” contestants often describe their performances‍ as pursuing a lifelong dream. during a recent audition episode, Eric Booker, a former subway conductor, showcased ‌his competitive eating skills, hoping for a​ life-changing chance.Similarly, ⁢breakdancers, magicians, and othre ‍performers express their aspirations to reach the biggest stages.

Kim’s book,‍ “The​ American Mirage: How Reality TV Upholds ‍the myth of Meritocracy,” explores the connection between these “rags-to-riches” narratives and viewers’ beliefs. She contends that ⁢shows like “AGT,” “American Idol,” and “Shark Tank” equate hard work wiht ⁣success, reinforcing the idea of the⁤ American Dream. ‌This can influence perceptions of who deserves wealth and success, possibly⁢ distorting views on income ‍inequality and taxes.

While “survivor” presents a different format, it also reflects aspects of the American Dream. Contestants compete ​to ⁣”outwit,outplay,outlast,” striving for a $1 million prize.Andy Dehnart, of Reality Blurred, notes that while the playing field appears even at the start,‌ inherent advantages exist. ​A 2023 study revealed that people of color, particularly Black women, were historically voted off the show earlier.

Despite ​changes to promote diversity,only a few Black women have won “Survivor.” Kyle Fraser, a ‌Black lawyer, recently won‍ by strategically concealing his profession, highlighting the complexities‍ of the game and its impact on viewers’ perceptions.

“A lot of people have a hard time believing that​ the frivolous, ‘whatever’ content they’re watching is potentially affecting their fundamental beliefs about American politics.”

Kim ‌suggests that heightened economic ‌insecurity may drive viewers to seek uplifting content,like reality ​TV. “American Idol,” ‌such as, peaked during the 2008 financial crisis. However,⁣ she cautions⁢ that these shows ‍can also promote a conservative view of policy attitudes, leading viewers to question the need for assistance to the poor or higher taxes​ on the wealthy.

What’s next

“America’s Got Talent” continues on NBC, while “Survivor” will return ⁢to CBS in the fall. As these shows evolve, their impact on viewers’⁣ perceptions of the American Dream and social mobility‍ remains a topic of ongoing discussion.