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- On November 13, 2025, Victoria officially signed its statewide treaty with its First peoples, marking a genuinely significant milestone in the state's history and a pivotal moment in...
- The treaty process in Victoria has been a long and complex one, spanning decades of advocacy, consultation, and negotiation.
- The treaty itself addresses a range of issues, including self-determination, truth-telling, and reparations.
Victoria’s Historic Treaty: A Landmark achievement and Ongoing Accountability
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On November 13, 2025, Victoria officially signed its statewide treaty with its First peoples, marking a genuinely significant milestone in the state’s history and a pivotal moment in the ongoing journey towards reconciliation. this landmark achievement, years in the making, represents a formal acknowledgement of Indigenous sovereignty and a commitment to addressing ancient injustices. However, the signing is not the end of the process, but rather a crucial step forward, demanding continued scrutiny and accountability from the Victorian government.
From left: First Peoples’ assembly co-chair Rueben Berg, Premier Jacinta allan, Minister for Treaty Natalie Hutchins and assembly co-chair Ngarra Murray sign Victoria’s statewide treaty at Government house.Credit: Justin McManus
The Path to Treaty: A Long and Complex Journey
The treaty process in Victoria has been a long and complex one, spanning decades of advocacy, consultation, and negotiation. The First Peoples’ Assembly of Victoria, established in 2019, played a central role in representing the interests of Traditional Owner groups throughout the process. Key milestones included the establishment of the Yoo-rrook Justice Commission, which investigated historical and ongoing injustices experienced by First Peoples, and the development of a Treaty Authority to oversee the negotiation and implementation of treaties.
The treaty itself addresses a range of issues, including self-determination, truth-telling, and reparations. It aims to empower first Peoples to exercise greater control over their lives and lands, and to address the systemic disadvantages they have faced for generations. Specific provisions include commitments to:
- Establishing a Voice to Parliament
- Reforming the child protection system
- Addressing over-representation in the criminal justice system
- Protecting cultural heritage
- economic self-determination
Beyond the Signing: Accountability and implementation
while the signing of the treaty is a momentous occasion, it is crucial to recognize that it is only the beginning. The real work lies in the implementation of the treaty’s provisions and ensuring that the commitments made are fully realized. This will require ongoing monitoring, evaluation, and accountability from the Victorian government.
One area of particular concern is the potential for drift
between stated intentions and actual outcomes. As The Age‘s reporting has consistently demonstrated, governments are frequently enough speedy to make promises but slow to deliver on them. Daniella White’s recent exclusive report on controversial planning laws, revealing a potential diversion of funds from booming suburbs, serves as a stark reminder of this risk. The report highlights the importance of vigilant scrutiny and holding governments accountable for their actions.
Key Areas for Monitoring
| Area | Key Provisions | Monitoring Indicators |
|---|---|---|
| Self-Determination | Empowering First Peoples to make decisions about their own affairs. | Increased First Peoples representation in decision-making bodies, transfer of control over land and resources. |
| Justice System Reform | Addressing over-representation of First Peoples in the criminal justice system. | Reduction in incarceration rates, diversion programs, culturally appropriate sentencing options. |
| Cultural Heritage Protection | Protecting and preserving First Peoples’ cultural heritage. | Increased funding for cultural heritage management, stronger protections against destruction of sacred sites. |
| Economic Development | Supporting first Peoples’ economic self-determination. | Increased First Peoples ownership of businesses, access to funding and training opportunities. |
The Role of Independent Journalism
Independent journalism plays a critical role in ensuring accountability and transparency throughout the treaty implementation process. As highlighted by the editors of The Age, political journalists operate under immense pressure, navigating attempts to conceal information or selectively present it. Their dedication to holding governments accountable is essential for informing the public and ensuring that the treaty’s promises are kept.
The signing of the treaty is not just a legal agreement; it is a symbol of hope and a testament to the resilience and determination of First Peoples. It is a moment for celebration, but also a call to action.The journey towards reconciliation is far from over, and it will require the continued commitment of all Victorians.