RSV Virus: Risks for Babies, Pregnant Women & Seniors – New Vaccine Guidance

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a common respiratory virus that typically causes mild, cold-like symptoms. However, it can be serious, particularly for infants and older adults. Recent developments in immunization are offering increased protection against severe RSV disease, with recommendations expanding to include pregnant women and older adults.

RSV: A Significant Public Health Concern

RSV is a leading cause of hospitalization for infants in the United States. Globally, approximately 30 million RSV infections occur each year, leading to over 3 million hospitalizations, according to recent data. While most people recover within a couple of weeks, the virus can pose a significant threat to vulnerable populations.

New Immunization Strategies

Immunization strategies for RSV have evolved rapidly. Currently, there are several options available to protect different age groups. For infants, monoclonal antibodies like nirsevimab and clesrovimab are recommended to prevent severe RSV disease. These are particularly important for those at increased risk.

Protecting Infants Through Maternal Vaccination

A key advancement is the maternal RSV vaccine, specifically Pfizer’s Abrysvo. Administered as a single dose to pregnant women between weeks 32 and 36 of pregnancy, the vaccine provides protective antibodies to the baby via the placenta. This protection is most effective during the first six months of life, a period when infants are particularly vulnerable to severe RSV infection. Healthcare providers are encouraging expectant mothers to discuss RSV vaccination with their obstetricians and pediatricians.

Vaccination for Older Adults

RSV isn’t just a threat to young children. It also poses a serious risk to older adults. The CDC recommends a single dose of an FDA-licensed RSV vaccine for all adults aged 75 and older. Adults aged 50 to 74 who are at increased risk of severe RSV – such as those with chronic heart or lung conditions, or those living in long-term care facilities – should also receive a single dose. It’s important to note that individuals who have already received one dose of an RSV vaccine do not need another dose at this time.

Understanding RSV Transmission

RSV spreads through droplets produced when an infected person coughs or sneezes. It’s highly contagious, and transmission is particularly rapid in crowded environments. Maintaining distance from others in these settings is a crucial preventative measure.

Increased Awareness and Recommendation Rates

Public awareness of RSV immunizations is growing. A recent survey conducted from November 17 to December 1, 2025, showed that approximately 56% of Americans are aware of the RSV vaccine for older adults, up from 42% in October 2023. Awareness of the maternal RSV vaccine has also increased significantly, rising from 12% in August 2023 to 38% in the same recent survey.

The survey also indicated a growing willingness to recommend RSV immunizations to family and friends. 64% of respondents said they would recommend the RSV vaccine to someone aged 75 or older, or to a high-risk individual aged 50 to 74. 61% would recommend the maternal RSV vaccine to a pregnant friend or family member to protect their newborn. 59% would recommend the monoclonal antibody injection for newborns if the mother wasn’t vaccinated during pregnancy.

The Importance of Prevention

RSV can cause significant illness and hospitalization, particularly in vulnerable populations. The availability of new immunizations and monoclonal antibodies represents a major step forward in protecting against severe RSV disease. Healthcare professionals emphasize the importance of discussing these options with patients and ensuring that those at risk receive appropriate preventative care. As RSV season approaches, proactive measures are crucial to minimize the impact of this common, yet potentially serious, respiratory virus.