Space isn’t just a frontier for human exploration; it’s also a natural laboratory where microbial life behaves differently. Experiments in microgravity demonstrate that bacteria and their viruses evolve by new rules, free from Earth’s constraints.
These unexpected transformations are attracting researchers’ attention because they reveal biological mechanisms that could inspire new medical strategies. By studying organisms exposed to space conditions, scientists are beginning to envision solutions to a major public health challenge: the rise of resistance to existing treatments.
A Unique Experiment aboard the International Space Station
Researchers pitted Escherichia coli, a well-known bacterium, against its natural enemy, the bacteriophage T7, in an environment never before explored.This pair, locked in an evolutionary struggle for millennia, was sent into orbit to observe its behavior in weightlessness.For several weeks, different combinations of bacteria and viruses were incubated aboard the International Space Station, while an identical protocol ran simultaneously on Earth.
This direct comparison revealed significant differences.the absence of gravity profoundly alters biological interactions, slowing initial infection and steering the evolution of both organisms along distinct paths.
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