Understanding Genome Variability in Coronary Heart Disease: Key Insights and Implications

Introduction

Diabetes mellitus is increasing globally. The International Diabetes Federation predicts that 643 million people will have diabetes by 2030 and 783 million by 2045. In 2021, diabetes caused 6.7 million deaths. The World Health Organization states that cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of death worldwide, with 17.9 million fatalities in 2019, accounting for 32% of all deaths. Of these, 85% were due to heart attacks and strokes.

Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) face a higher risk of coronary heart disease (CHD). A meta-analysis found a strong link between Metabolic Syndrome (MS) and CHD risk. Each component of MS also increases the risk of CHD.

Research has explored the relationship between T2DM and CHD, revealing multiple genetic, metabolic, and environmental influences. While studies show genetic variations affect both conditions, the specific connections are not fully understood. Research by Zheng et al. indicates that CVDs and T2DM have a shared genetic basis, with common risk factors. Genetic factors linked to obesity, insulin levels, glycated hemoglobin, triglycerides, and smoking correlate with T2DM, CHD, and stroke.

Identifying specific genetic markers related to both T2DM and CHD remains challenging. Some genetic variations affect metabolism and blood flow concerning these diseases. Understanding the genetics of CHD in T2DM can lead to better treatments.

Bibliometric analysis can highlight research trends, key studies, and influential authors. This study examines trends in genetic variability related to CHD in T2DM, filling a gap in the current literature.

Materials and Methods

Data Collection

The research involved searching for relevant publications using specific queries related to genetic variability and CHD in T2DM.

Visualization and Statistical Tools

Various tools were utilized to visualize data and perform statistical analyses.

Results

Characteristics of Publications

This study analyzed 241 publications from 146 sources between 1987 and 2023, involving 2,421 authors. The average citation rate was 40.3 per document.

Annual Analysis of Publication

From 1987 to 2023, the number of publications steadily increased. In the first 17 years, there were fewer than seven publications annually. Since 2004, publications rose, especially in 2021, indicating growing research interest in this area.

Journals

Leading journals contributing to this field were identified, illustrating the prominent publications from 2005 to 2023.

Contributions of Authors

The analysis highlighted productive authors and their contributions to the literature on T2DM and CHD.

The Most Productive Country and Institutions

The study identified the top ten institutions, revealing that most were in the USA and Europe. Harvard University led with 50 publications.

Key Words

The most commonly used keywords included “coronary heart disease,” “type 2 diabetes,” and “genetics.” Their increasing frequency shows a rising research focus.

Discussion

Humphries S. was the top author with 12 contributions to the field. He focuses on hypercholesterolemia, atherosclerosis, and T2DM. Dorria A. and Rotter G. were notable for local citations. The keyword analysis underscores significant themes, showing a surge in interest in the genetic links between T2DM and heart disease.

Despite the findings, some studies question the genetic connections between CAD and T2DM. Limitations of this bibliometric analysis include a focus on English-language publications and reliance on specific databases, which might miss relevant research.

Conclusions

This bibliometric study on genome variability and its impact on CHD in T2DM reveals critical trends from 1987 to 2023. Ongoing research in this area is vital for understanding disease connections. The findings offer a foundation for future investigations in this field.