Vietnam Eyes Rafale Fighters: Diversifying from Russian Military Equipment

Hanoi is considering a significant shift in its military procurement strategy, potentially opening the door for Vietnam to become a new customer for the French-built Dassault Rafale fighter jet. The move comes as the Southeast Asian nation seeks to diversify its combat aircraft fleet and reduce its long-standing reliance on Russian military equipment.

Discussions between Hanoi and Paris have reportedly progressed to the point where a Vietnamese pilot has already had the opportunity to fly the Rafale, according to reports from L’Express. A detachment of French Rafales also visited Vietnam in 2018, signaling a growing, if discreet, military relationship.

Any agreement would be laden with historical significance. France maintained colonial rule over Vietnam, then known as French Indochina, until 1945. A potential Rafale deal would represent a notable reset in defence-industrial ties between the two countries, more than seven decades after the end of that period.

Vietnam’s air force currently relies heavily on Soviet and Russian-designed aircraft. Approximately 45 Su-27 and Su-30 fighters form the backbone of its combat capabilities, supplemented by older Su-17 and Su-22 platforms that are increasingly considered outdated for modern warfare. Pilot training is conducted using aircraft such as the L-39NG and Yak-130 jet trainers.

The Rafale is viewed as a versatile, Western-designed option that could gradually replace aging aircraft without immediately rendering the Su-30 fleet obsolete. Any evaluation process is expected to be conducted discreetly, adhering to standard military procurement practices.

Vietnam’s interest in the Rafale also occurs within a broader regional context. China has been actively marketing the Chengdu J-10CE fighter to countries in the region as an alternative to Western-made aircraft. A decision to procure the Rafale would signal Hanoi’s desire to broaden its supplier base and avoid over-reliance on a single strategic partner.

This potential shift in defence procurement aligns with a broader trend of Vietnam strengthening ties with Western nations. The recent delivery of 12 Beechcraft T-6C turboprop trainers from the United States for basic pilot training is another example of this evolving dynamic.

The trend is further underscored by Indonesia’s recent order of 42 Rafale fighters, solidifying the French aircraft’s presence in Southeast Asia. A potential deal with Vietnam would not only expand Dassault’s regional footprint but also reflect a broader strategic realignment in Hanoi’s approach to airpower and defence partnerships.