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The boeing 737 MAX was grounded worldwide in March 2019 following two fatal crashes, and while it has since been recertified and returned to service, scrutiny of Boeing’s safety culture and manufacturing processes continues as of January 30, 2026. Recent investigations and reports have revealed ongoing quality control issues, leading to further FAA oversight and production adjustments.
The Boeing 737 MAX Grounding
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The Boeing 737 MAX grounding began on March 13, 2019, after the crash of Ethiopian Airlines flight 302, wich followed the crash of Lion Air Flight 610 in October 2018. Both crashes involved the aircraft’s Maneuvering Characteristics Augmentation System (MCAS).
MCAS was designed to automatically push the nose of the aircraft down if it detected a stall, but it relied on input from a single angle of attack (AOA) sensor. In both crashes,a faulty AOA sensor triggered MCAS,and pilots were unable to regain control of the aircraft. A total of 346 people died in the two crashes.
Example: The final report of the Joint Investigators Team (JIT) examining the Ethiopian Airlines crash concluded that MCAS was a contributing factor and that Boeing’s documentation and pilot training were inadequate.
Recertification and Return to Service
The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) grounded the 737 MAX in the United States on March 18, 2019. Recertification required significant software updates to MCAS, revised pilot training, and enhanced maintenance procedures.
Boeing spent nearly two years working to address the FAA’s concerns. the updated MCAS system now uses input from two AOA sensors and includes safeguards to prevent it from repeatedly activating.Pilots also received extensive training on the updated system, including simulator sessions.
Detail: On November 18, 2020, the FAA issued an Airworthiness Directive lifting the grounding order, allowing airlines to resume 737 MAX flights once they completed the required software updates and pilot training. The first commercial flight after the grounding took place on December 29, 2020, with american Airlines Flight 718 from Miami to New York.
Ongoing Scrutiny and Quality Control Issues (as of January 30, 2026)
Despite the recertification, Boeing has faced continued scrutiny regarding its safety culture and manufacturing processes. In January 2024, a door plug blew out of a 737 MAX 9 during an Alaska Airlines flight, prompting the FAA to temporarily ground all 737 MAX 9 aircraft for inspection.
The National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) investigation revealed that the door plug was not properly secured during manufacturing.This incident led to a further audit of Boeing’s production facilities and quality control procedures.
Example: On March 25, 2024, the FAA announced a 95-day plan to increase oversight of Boeing’s production processes, including a complete review of the company’s quality control system. As of January 30, 2026, the FAA continues to monitor Boeing’s progress and has imposed limitations on the company’s production rate.
- Federal Aviation Administration (FAA): The primary regulatory body overseeing the 737 MAX’s recertification and ongoing safety.
