Hypertension, or high blood pressure, affects approximately one in three people, according to the French National Institute of Health and Medical Research (Inserm). While medications are available to manage this cardiovascular condition, around 30% of patients experience resistant hypertension, where standard treatments prove ineffective. Emerging research suggests a potential complementary approach: regular hot water immersion.
Hot Baths as a Complement to Medical Treatment
Researchers have been investigating the potential benefits of hot baths as a non-pharmacological intervention for high blood pressure. A review of existing scientific literature indicates that regular immersion in hot water may contribute to blood pressure reduction. The benefits observed appear to mirror those of exercise for individuals with hypertension, including increased cardiac output, vasodilation (widening of blood vessels), and enhanced nitric oxide production.
It’s crucial to emphasize that hot baths should be considered an adjunct to, not a replacement for, medical treatment. Continued medical supervision remains essential for individuals with hypertension, the study authors caution.
How Hot Water Benefits Patients with Hypertension
Just as exercise is recommended for those with hypertension, immersion in hot water appears to increase cardiac output, dilate blood vessels, increase blood flow, and decrease vascular resistance – all factors that can contribute to lower blood pressure. These effects aren’t limited to the short term; repeated hot water immersion may stimulate factors promoting neovascularization, the formation of new blood vessels, specifically through the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Blocking VEGF is known to elevate blood pressure.
After 12 weeks of repeated hot water immersion, levels of VEGF increased by approximately 60%. This increase triggered nitric oxide production, a molecule that promotes arterial dilation and, blood pressure reduction.
long-term exposure to hot water may improve nervous system regulation. By promoting relaxation, hot water immersion may activate the parasympathetic nervous system and reduce oxidative stress.
Hot Tubs Offer Distinct Advantages
Recent research, published in November 2025 by researchers at the University of Oregon, suggests that hot tubs may offer more significant physiological benefits than traditional or infrared saunas. The study found that hot tubs raise core body temperature more effectively, leading to stronger boosts in blood flow and immune activity. Notably, only hot water immersion produced measurable changes in inflammatory markers, suggesting a sustained health benefit.
The researchers compared the body’s response to soaking in a hot tub with sitting in a traditional dry sauna and a far-infrared sauna. According to Jessica Atencio, a doctoral student involved in the study, the research focused on “the most commonly utilized modalities of passive heating as they’re used in everyday life and studied in scientific research.”
This type of heating can help lower blood pressure, activate parts of the immune system, and gradually improve how the body handles heat stress. These effects can persist even after the heating session concludes, offering a potentially effective option for individuals unable or unwilling to engage in exercise.
Important Considerations and Cautions
A new scientific review, published on February 12, 2026, confirms that regular hot bathing could help reduce blood pressure in certain groups, but researchers also caution that individual responses may vary.
While the findings are promising, it’s important to remember that the studies reviewed were often small, and the authors emphasize the need for further research. The benefits of hot water immersion should complement, not replace, conventional medical treatments.
For those considering incorporating hot baths or hot tub use into their wellness routine, it’s advisable to consult with a healthcare professional, particularly if you have pre-existing health conditions.
Finally, for those seeking an environmentally conscious approach, utilizing shared thermal baths at established spa facilities can offer both personal benefits and a reduced ecological footprint.
