A new study, SANSORI-2, is investigating teh underlying causes of Spaceflight-Associated Neuro-Ocular Syndrome (SANS), a⁢ condition affecting astronauts during and after prolonged space missions. The research focuses on the mechanical properties of the⁢ eye, seeking to understand how‍ it responds to the stresses of space⁣ travel.

Researchers are exploring whether a more rigid or flexible eye structure is better suited for the space environment, comparing the eye’s behavior to that of ⁣a stiff soccer ball versus a soft, inflatable ball. This approach, led by a physicist, aims to identify the biomechanical factors contributing to SANS development.

SANSORI-2 builds upon⁢ previous work by expanding its study group to 18 astronauts,providing a considerably larger and more reliable dataset. The⁣ study also examines the constriction of blood vessels in the eye during physical exertion, like⁤ breath-holding, to determine if this plays a ⁢role in the syndrome. A key focus is tracking⁢ long-term changes in eye mechanics, particularly in astronauts who have already experienced SANS.

The ultimate goal is to identify⁣ biomarkers – measurable indicators – that can predict an astronaut’s susceptibility to SANS before serious vision problems arise during extended missions. Identifying at-risk individuals proactively coudl revolutionize astronaut health management and mission safety.

Data collection involves a thorough suite of tests conducted before, during, and after spaceflight. These‍ include retinography to measure deformations caused by blood flow, ⁤continuous monitoring of intraocular pressure, and detailed anatomical analysis of the eyeball.Researchers are also leveraging access to complete astronaut medical histories through data sharing with international space agencies.