Reduced Risk of Breast Cancer Death with MRI Surveillance for BRCA1 Mutation

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March 5, 2024
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(Seoul = Yonhap News) Reporter Han Seong-gan = Among the mutant breast cancer genes (BRCA1 or BRCA2) that significantly increase the risk of breast cancer, a study showed that women with BRCA1 can significantly reduce the risk of Breast cancer death through MRI surveillance.

The research group of Dr. Teresa Cajal from the Laboratory of Clinical Oncology of the Sant Pau Institute in Barcelona, Spain, studied BRCA1 in 59 medical centers in 11 countries (United States, Canada, Poland, Norway, Israel , Italy, Austria, the Netherlands, France, Spain and the Bahamas). The Medical Express reported on the 4th that this result is the result of a comprehensive analysis of research data on 2,488 women with the BRCA2 gene mutation (average age at the start of the study: 41.2 years).

Of the total study subjects, 2,004 people had the BRCA1 gene mutation and 484 had the BRCA2 gene mutation.

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Of these, 1,756 (70.6%) received an average of 4.7 MRI scans for breast cancer surveillance and 732 (29.4%) did not. 1,365 people underwent MRI exams more than twice, with an average of 0.95 years between exams.

Among women who participated in the MRI surveillance program, 1,442 women had the BRCA1 mutation gene and 314 women had the BRCA2 mutation gene.

Overall, during a mean follow-up period of 9.2 years (maximum 24 years), 344 patients (13.8%) were diagnosed with breast cancer and 35 patients (1.4%) died from of breast cancer.

Among 1,756 women who participated in the MRI surveillance program, 241 were diagnosed with breast cancer and 14 died from breast cancer.

Among women (732) who did not participate in the MRI surveillance program, 103 were diagnosed with breast cancer and 21 died from breast cancer.

When considering other variables such as age, the breast cancer death rate of women who participated in the MRI surveillance program was 77% lower than that of women who did not participate in the MRI surveillance program.

Notably, the BRCA1 mutant gene group had an 80% lower breast cancer mortality rate. The BRCA2 variant gene group had a 13% lower rate.

The group that participated in the MRI surveillance program had a 78% lower breast cancer death rate than the BRCA mutation group that received mammograms to diagnose breast cancer.

The research team explained that these findings show that an MRI surveillance program can significantly reduce the risk of death from breast cancer, especially in women with the BRCA1 gene mutation.

The research team emphasized that this is because MRI surveillance can detect breast cancer at an early stage when the maximum treatment effect can be achieved.

Mutant BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes have long been known to significantly increase the risk of breast cancer.

The US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) estimates that women with the BRCA gene mutation have a 50% chance of developing breast cancer by age 70.

The American Cancer Society (ACS) states that women with BRCA mutations have up to a 70% chance of developing breast cancer by age 80.

Individual studies have shown that the risk of breast cancer in mutant BRCA genes can increase by up to 85% by age 70.

The results of this study were published in the latest issue of JAMA Oncology.

skhan@yna.co.kr

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