Revolutionizing Archaeology: HKU’s Breakthrough with 3D MR/AR Technologies

Archaeologists from the University of Hong Kong (HKU) are changing how ancient sites are excavated and documented. They use advanced 3D technologies to improve their work.

Archaeology looks at the past by digging up items from previous eras. This includes structures and everyday objects, like pottery and animal bones. Many projects create digital 3D models of their findings, but archaeologists need better ways to use this data during their research and fieldwork.

The HKU team uses Mixed and Augmented Reality (MR/AR) headsets while digging. These tools allow them to see both the real world and digital 3D models together. Devices like Microsoft HoloLens 2 and Meta Quest Pro help enhance the excavation process. AR smart glasses add the ability to capture images and take notes without using hands, which is crucial while excavating.

In archaeology, excavation is often seen as destructive because it removes artifacts from their original context. The HKU team applied this technology in Armenia, where they often uncover ancient structures by removing layers of dirt and debris. Professor Peter J. Cobb of HKU highlighted that using MR devices lets him visualize removed walls in their original locations, which aids in making decisions about where to dig next.

PhD candidate Mr. Hayk Azizbekyan, leading this research, expressed enthusiasm about using MR and AR at archaeological sites. He considers this a significant breakthrough in studying and preserving history. The team also uses MR headsets to compare 3D scans of pottery pieces with the actual artifacts, improving their analysis of items stored in museums.

These innovations were published in the Journal of Computer Applications in Archaeology (JCAA), which ranks highly among archaeology journals. Professor Cobb mentioned that reviewers found the approach unique and challenging to evaluate. He discussed these innovations at New York University recently.

This research combines insights from the humanities and engineering. The HKU Faculty of Engineering supported the project by providing tools and expertise. The team is also working on custom smart glasses to use in future excavations.