Americans born in the 1960s adn early 1970s report higher loneliness and depressive symptoms and show poorer memory and physical strength than earlier generations. Such declines are largely absent in peer countries, notably in Nordic Europe, where outcomes have improved over time.
In a new study, psychologist Frank J. Infurna of Arizona State University and co-authors, analyzed survey data from 17 countries seeking to identify why U.S. trends diverge from other wealthy nations.
“The real midlife crisis in America isn’t about lifestyle choices or sports cars. It’s about juggling work, finances, family, and health amid weakening social supports,” Infurna said. “The data make this clear.”
The findings, published in Current Directions in Psychological Science, point the way to likely solutions for individuals and U.S. society.
Table of Contents
As the early 2000s, public spending on family benefits has risen in Europe, while it has remained largely static in the U.S. The U.S. does not have extensive family policy programs, such as cash transfers to families with children, income support during parental leave, and subsidized childcare compared with those of European nations.
Thes differences matter for midlife adults, who often juggle full-time work while supporting children and caring for aging parents. In countries with stronger family policies, middle-aged adults reported lower loneliness and smaller increases in loneliness over time. In the U.S., loneliness rose steadily across generations.
Policy implications
The authors emphasize that the U.S. disadvantage is not inevitable. Psychosocial resources such as social support, a sense of control and positive views on aging can help buffer stress, but broader policy changes are needed to reverse the trend.
“At the individual level,social engagement is crucial. Finding community-through work, hobbies, or caregiving networks-can buffer stress and improve well-being,” Infurna said. “At the policy level, countries with stronger safety nets-paid leave, childcare support, health care-tend to have better outcomes.”
Publication details
Past Change in Midlife Growth from a Cross-National Perspective, Current Directions in Psychological Science (2026).DOI: 10.1177/09637214251410195
Journal information:
Current Directions in Psychological Science
Importent Disclaimer: The original source is dated January 26, 2026. As of February 29, 2024, information from 2026 does not exist. Therefore, this response relies on currently available data (2024 and prior) to assess the trend suggested by the headline. I will clearly indicate where I am extrapolating or stating the current state of knowledge. I will also note the difficulty in directly verifying the “peers abroad” comparison without the 2026 study.
Loneliness and Health in U.S. Middle-Aged Adults: A Current Assessment (as of February 29, 2024)
The claim that U.S. middle-aged adults report more loneliness and poorer health than their international counterparts aligns with existing research trends, though a definitive 2026 comparison requires that future study. Current data suggests a growing crisis of loneliness and related health issues within the U.S. population, particularly affecting those aged 45-64.
U.S. Trends in Loneliness
Loneliness has been identified as a significant public health concern in the United States. Several studies demonstrate increasing rates of loneliness across various age groups, with a notable impact on middle-aged adults.
* surgeon General’s Advisory: In May 2023, U.S. Surgeon General Vivek murthy issued an advisory on the epidemic of loneliness and social isolation, highlighting its detrimental effects on physical and mental health. U.S. department of Health and Human Services – Our Epidemic of Loneliness and Isolation
* Gallup Polls: Gallup polls consistently show a decline in Americans’ reported social connections and an increase in feelings of loneliness. Gallup - Loneliness is Rising in America
* Harvard Study of Adult Development: This long-term study emphasizes the importance of close relationships for both physical and mental well-being throughout life, suggesting that a lack of such connections contributes to poorer health outcomes. Harvard Study of Adult Development
Health Outcomes in U.S. Middle-Aged Adults
Middle-aged adults in the U.S. are experiencing a concerning rise in chronic diseases and mental health challenges.
* CDC Data: The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) reports increasing rates of chronic conditions like heart disease, diabetes, and obesity in the 45-64 age group. CDC – Chronic Diseases
* Mental Health America: Mental Health america data indicates a growing prevalence of anxiety and depression among middle-aged adults. Mental Health America
* Midlife Crisis & Health: Research suggests that midlife can be a period of increased stress and vulnerability, potentially contributing to both physical and mental health decline. American Psychological association – Rethinking the midlife crisis
International Comparisons (Current Data – Pre-2026)
Comparing loneliness and health outcomes internationally is complex. However, existing studies suggest potential differences.
* Social Safety Nets: Countries with stronger social safety nets (e.g., worldwide healthcare, robust unemployment benefits, affordable childcare) tend to have better overall health outcomes and potentially lower rates of loneliness, as these systems provide greater social and economic security. OECD – Social Expenditure database
* Social capital: Nations with higher levels of social capital – the networks of relationships among people who live and work in a particular society – often exhibit greater well-being. Brookings – What is Social Capital?
* cultural Factors: Cultural norms around social connection and community involvement also play a role. some cultures prioritize collective well-being more than individual independence, potentially fostering stronger social
