Results from rat experiments show that metabolic health before vaccination determines vaccine effectiveness
Posted on 04.26.2024 9.04pm Posted on 04.26.2024 9.04pm Modified on 04.26.2024 3.43pm Views 0
Research has shown that metabolic health at the time of vaccination determines vaccine effectiveness. [ 사진=게티이미지뱅크]Obese people are known to be less effective when vaccinated than people of a healthy weight. Among these, research findings have shown that it is not obesity itself that makes this difference, but metabolic health.
The researchers found that changing the diet of obese mice to a healthier diet before receiving a flu vaccine increased the protective effect against exposure to the influenza virus, regardless of body mass index. However, there is still a long way to go to assume that these findings can be equally applied to humans.
Researchers at St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital in the US targeted 20 obese mice and fed half of them a low-fat diet before vaccination, while the other half continued to eat a high-fat diet. fats. When all the mice were exposed to the flu about a month later, mice fed a low-fat diet before vaccination showed a better immune response than those fed a high-fat diet or those who were subsequently given changed their diet and lost weight.
Contrary to the researchers’ initial expectations, the results did not improve when the mice vaccinated while obese then gained a healthy weight. Survival rates only increased significantly when people switched to a healthy diet four weeks before vaccination.
In this process, researchers found that immune function declines when metabolic health is poor. T cells, immune cells involved in antiviral responses, did not function properly even when mice that were in poor metabolic health at the time of vaccination were subsequently exposed to the virus. Furthermore, even though people ate a healthy diet and gained a normal weight after vaccination, T cell function did not improve. However, the T cell function of mice fed a healthy diet before vaccination improved and showed a strong anti-flu effect when exposed to the influenza virus.
The researchers said: “Upon vaccination, T cells from mice that were metabolically healthy were better able to perform their role” and “cells that were not functioning properly began to function properly through a healthy diet, but this occurred only when conversion occurred before vaccination. “It was possible,” she explained. He added: “It was not the obesity phenotype (various characteristics that appear on the outside of a living organism) that was important, but the metabolic health, and what actually made the difference was the metabolic health at the time of vaccination”.
However, the researchers said there is still a long way to go before assuming these findings apply equally to humans. “Ultimately, this study could be the start of understanding how to better protect obese people,” she said. “It’s not certain, but it would be helpful if the results of using GLP-1 drugs were weight loss and improved metabolic health. “We can formulate hypotheses,” she explained.
The results of this study were published in the journal Nature Microbiology under the title “Pre-vaccination diet change improves immune response and metabolic status in previously obese mice.”
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